United States
Department of
Agriculture
National
Agricultural
Statistics
Service
ISSN: 1995-
2004
Farms and Land
in Farms
2020 Summary
February 2021
Contents
Farms and Land in Farms Highlights 4
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size - United States: 2013-
2020 5
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class
- United States: 2019-2020 5
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size - States and United
States: 2019-2020 6
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $1,000-$9,999 - States
and United States: 2019-2020 7
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $10,000-$99,999 -
States and United States: 2019-2020 8
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $100,000-$249,999 -
States and United States: 2019-2020 9
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $250,000-$499,999 -
States and United States: 2019-2020 10
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $500,000-$999,999 -
States and United States: 2019-2020 11
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size, $1,000,000 or more -
States and United States: 2019-2020 12
Statistical Methodology 13
Terms and Definitions 14
Farm Definition History 15
Information Contacts 16
Farms and Land in Farms Highlights
The number of farms in the United States for 2020 is estimated at 2,019,000,
down 4,400 farms from 2019. The number of farms in all sales classes
declined. In 2020, 51.1 percent of all farms had less than $10,000 in sales
and 81.5 percent of all farms had less than $100,000 in sales. In 2020, 7.4
percent of all farms had sales of $500,000 or more.
Total land in farms, at 896,600,000 acres, decreased 800,000 acres from 2019.
The biggest change for 2020 is that producers in Sales Class $10,000 -
$99,999 operated 550,000 fewer acres than in 2019. In 2020, 30.1 percent of
all farmland was operated by farms with less than $100,000 in sales, while
40.8 percent of all farmland was operated by farms with sales of $500,000 or
more.
The average farm size for 2020 is 444 acres, unchanged from the previous
year. Average farm size increased in the $250,000 - $499,999, $500,000-
$999,999, and $1,000,000 or more sales classes and remained unchanged in all
others.
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size - United States: 2013-2020
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year : Number of farms : Land in farms : Average farm size
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: number 1,000 acres acres
:
2013 .................: 2,100,350 911,720 434
2014 .................: 2,082,440 908,920 436
2015 .................: 2,063,890 905,790 439
2016 .................: 2,055,340 902,680 439
2017 .................: 2,042,000 900,370 441
2018 .................: 2,029,200 899,500 443
2019 .................: 2,023,400 897,400 444
2020 .................: 2,019,000 896,600 444
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class - United States: 2019-2020
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Percent of total : :
:-------------------------------------------------------: :
Economic sales class : Number of Farms : Land in farms : Average farm size
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020
:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: percent percent percent percent acres acres
:
$1,000 - $9,999 .....: 51.1 51.1 9.4 9.3 81 81
$10,000 - $99,999 ...: 30.4 30.4 20.8 20.8 304 304
$100,000 - $249,999 .: 6.7 6.7 14.7 14.7 976 976
$250,000 - $499,999 .: 4.4 4.4 14.3 14.3 1,448 1,455
$500,000 - $999,999 .: 3.5 3.5 15.4 15.4 1,940 1,942
$1,000,000 or more ..: 3.9 3.9 25.4 25.4 2,910 2,915
:
Total 1/ ............: 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 444 444
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Percent of total may not add to 100 due to rounding.
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size - States and
United States: 2019-2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Number of farms : Land in farms : Average farm size
State :-----------------------------------------------------------
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
:------ number ----- -- 1,000 acres -- ---- acres ----
:
Alabama ...........: 38,800 39,000 8,300 8,300 214 213
Alaska ............: 1,050 1,050 850 850 810 810
Arizona ...........: 19,000 19,000 26,200 26,200 1,379 1,379
Arkansas ..........: 42,300 42,200 14,000 14,000 331 332
California ........: 69,900 69,600 24,300 24,300 348 349
Colorado ..........: 38,700 38,800 31,800 31,800 822 820
Connecticut .......: 5,500 5,500 380 380 69 69
Delaware ..........: 2,300 2,300 530 530 230 230
Florida ...........: 47,400 47,500 9,700 9,700 205 204
Georgia ...........: 41,500 41,400 10,200 10,200 246 246
:
Hawaii ............: 7,300 7,300 1,100 1,100 151 151
Idaho .............: 24,600 24,600 11,500 11,500 467 467
Illinois ..........: 71,400 71,100 27,000 27,000 378 380
Indiana ...........: 56,000 55,500 14,900 14,800 266 267
Iowa ..............: 85,300 85,000 30,600 30,600 359 360
Kansas ............: 58,500 58,300 45,700 45,700 781 784
Kentucky ..........: 74,800 74,500 12,900 12,900 172 173
Louisiana .........: 27,400 27,400 8,000 8,000 292 292
Maine .............: 7,600 7,600 1,300 1,300 171 171
Maryland ..........: 12,400 12,400 2,000 2,000 161 161
:
Massachusetts .....: 7,200 7,200 500 500 69 69
Michigan ..........: 47,000 46,500 9,800 9,800 209 211
Minnesota .........: 68,000 67,500 25,500 25,400 375 376
Mississippi .......: 34,500 34,400 10,400 10,400 301 302
Missouri ..........: 95,200 95,000 27,600 27,500 290 289
Montana ...........: 26,800 26,900 58,000 58,000 2,164 2,156
Nebraska ..........: 45,700 45,500 44,900 44,900 982 987
Nevada ............: 3,350 3,350 6,100 6,100 1,821 1,821
New Hampshire .....: 4,100 4,100 430 430 105 105
New Jersey ........: 9,900 9,900 750 750 76 76
:
New Mexico ........: 24,800 24,800 40,000 40,000 1,613 1,613
New York ..........: 33,400 33,400 6,900 6,900 207 207
North Carolina ....: 46,200 46,000 8,400 8,400 182 183
North Dakota ......: 26,100 26,000 39,300 39,300 1,506 1,512
Ohio ..............: 77,800 77,800 13,600 13,600 175 175
Oklahoma ..........: 77,300 77,300 34,400 34,400 445 445
Oregon ............: 37,200 37,200 15,800 15,800 425 425
Pennsylvania ......: 52,700 52,700 7,300 7,300 139 139
Rhode Island ......: 1,100 1,100 60 60 55 55
South Carolina ....: 24,600 24,600 4,800 4,800 195 195
:
South Dakota ......: 29,600 29,600 43,200 43,200 1,459 1,459
Tennessee .........: 69,700 69,500 10,800 10,800 155 155
Texas .............: 247,000 247,000 126,500 126,000 512 510
Utah ..............: 17,800 17,800 10,700 10,700 601 601
Vermont ...........: 6,800 6,800 1,200 1,200 176 176
Virginia ..........: 42,400 42,300 7,800 7,800 184 184
Washington ........: 35,600 35,500 14,600 14,600 410 411
West Virginia .....: 22,900 22,800 3,500 3,500 153 154
Wisconsin .........: 64,900 64,400 14,300 14,300 220 222
Wyoming ...........: 12,000 12,000 29,000 29,000 2,417 2,417
:
United States .....:2,023,400 2,019,000 897,400 896,600 444 444
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class
- States and United States: 2019-2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Economic sales class: $1,000-$9,999
:-----------------------------------------------------------
: Number of farms : Land in farms : Average farm size
State :-----------------------------------------------------------
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
:------ number ----- 1,000 acres --- acres ---
:
Alabama ...........: 21,800 22,000 1,900 1,900 87 86
Alaska ............: 590 590 80 80 136 136
Arizona ...........: 14,200 14,200 4,800 4,800 338 338
Arkansas ..........: 20,500 20,400 1,750 1,700 85 83
California ........: 27,200 27,000 1,300 1,300 48 48
Colorado ..........: 22,000 22,000 2,200 2,200 100 100
Connecticut .......: 3,650 3,650 130 130 36 36
Delaware ..........: 820 820 20 20 24 24
Florida ...........: 28,900 29,000 1,300 1,300 45 45
Georgia ...........: 23,200 23,100 2,300 2,300 99 100
:
Hawaii ............: 4,250 4,250 70 70 16 16
Idaho .............: 13,300 13,300 650 650 49 49
Illinois ..........: 27,700 27,600 1,200 1,200 43 43
Indiana ...........: 26,100 25,800 1,000 1,000 38 39
Iowa ..............: 25,000 25,000 900 900 36 36
Kansas ............: 21,300 21,100 1,900 1,900 89 90
Kentucky ..........: 44,000 43,800 3,000 3,000 68 68
Louisiana .........: 15,400 15,400 1,100 1,100 71 71
Maine .............: 4,800 4,800 390 390 81 81
Maryland ..........: 6,700 6,700 260 260 39 39
:
Massachusetts .....: 4,500 4,500 190 190 42 42
Michigan ..........: 24,500 24,200 1,250 1,200 51 50
Minnesota .........: 24,900 24,600 1,600 1,600 64 65
Mississippi .......: 19,600 19,500 2,200 2,200 112 113
Missouri ..........: 44,500 44,400 3,200 3,200 72 72
Montana ...........: 11,400 11,500 2,000 2,000 175 174
Nebraska ..........: 11,300 11,100 800 800 71 72
Nevada ............: 1,700 1,700 520 520 306 306
New Hampshire .....: 2,750 2,750 170 170 62 62
New Jersey ........: 6,400 6,400 160 160 25 25
:
New Mexico ........: 17,000 17,000 5,000 5,000 294 294
New York ..........: 15,500 15,500 1,100 1,100 71 71
North Carolina ....: 25,900 25,700 1,400 1,400 54 54
North Dakota ......: 7,400 7,400 1,200 1,200 162 162
Ohio ..............: 41,400 41,800 1,900 1,900 46 45
Oklahoma ..........: 40,300 40,300 4,200 4,200 104 104
Oregon ............: 23,500 23,500 1,100 1,100 47 47
Pennsylvania ......: 24,900 24,900 1,300 1,300 52 52
Rhode Island ......: 630 630 20 20 32 32
South Carolina ....: 16,400 16,400 1,500 1,500 91 91
:
South Dakota ......: 7,000 7,000 1,000 1,000 143 143
Tennessee .........: 43,600 43,500 2,700 2,700 62 62
Texas .............: 156,500 156,500 15,200 14,900 97 95
Utah ..............: 10,800 10,800 600 600 56 56
Vermont ...........: 3,750 3,750 280 280 75 75
Virginia ..........: 24,100 24,000 1,700 1,700 71 71
Washington ........: 21,700 21,600 800 800 37 37
West Virginia .....: 16,600 16,500 1,500 1,500 90 91
Wisconsin .........: 29,000 28,700 1,900 1,900 66 66
Wyoming ...........: 5,600 5,600 1,200 1,200 214 214
:
United States .....:1,034,540 1,032,240 83,940 83,540 81 81
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class
- States and United States: 2019-2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Economic sales class: $10,000-$99,999
:-----------------------------------------------------------
: Number of farms : Land in farms : Average farm size
State :-----------------------------------------------------------
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ----- number ---- -- 1,000 acres -- ---- acres ----
:
Alabama ...........: 12,500 12,500 3,200 3,200 256 256
Alaska ............: 360 360 450 450 1,250 1,250
Arizona ...........: 3,450 3,450 5,200 5,200 1,507 1,507
Arkansas ..........: 14,500 14,400 3,700 3,650 255 253
California ........: 22,600 22,500 4,300 4,300 190 191
Colorado ..........: 10,800 10,900 7,000 7,000 648 642
Connecticut .......: 1,400 1,400 100 100 71 71
Delaware ..........: 510 510 50 50 98 98
Florida ...........: 13,500 13,500 2,100 2,100 156 156
Georgia ...........: 11,500 11,500 2,700 2,600 235 226
:
Hawaii ............: 2,500 2,500 200 200 80 80
Idaho .............: 6,500 6,500 1,800 1,800 277 277
Illinois ..........: 20,000 20,000 2,500 2,400 125 120
Indiana ...........: 16,100 16,000 1,700 1,600 106 100
Iowa ..............: 25,800 25,600 3,600 3,600 140 141
Kansas ............: 21,500 21,500 7,200 7,200 335 335
Kentucky ..........: 24,200 24,100 4,500 4,500 186 187
Louisiana .........: 8,700 8,700 1,900 1,900 218 218
Maine .............: 2,050 2,050 350 350 171 171
Maryland ..........: 3,300 3,300 390 390 118 118
:
Massachusetts .....: 1,950 1,950 160 160 82 82
Michigan ..........: 14,000 14,000 1,600 1,600 114 114
Minnesota .........: 20,500 20,400 3,600 3,500 176 172
Mississippi .......: 10,600 10,600 3,000 3,000 283 283
Missouri ..........: 37,300 37,200 8,600 8,500 231 228
Montana ...........: 8,100 8,100 10,300 10,300 1,272 1,272
Nebraska ..........: 14,300 14,300 4,900 4,900 343 343
Nevada ............: 980 980 530 530 541 541
New Hampshire .....: 1,100 1,100 170 170 155 155
New Jersey ........: 2,350 2,350 170 170 72 72
:
New Mexico ........: 6,000 6,000 10,200 10,200 1,700 1,700
New York ..........: 11,500 11,500 1,800 1,800 157 157
North Carolina ....: 12,700 12,700 1,800 1,800 142 142
North Dakota ......: 7,300 7,300 4,100 4,100 562 562
Ohio ..............: 22,000 21,500 2,900 2,900 132 135
Oklahoma ..........: 28,500 28,500 11,400 11,400 400 400
Oregon ............: 8,900 8,900 2,900 2,900 326 326
Pennsylvania ......: 16,700 16,700 2,200 2,200 132 132
Rhode Island ......: 340 340 20 20 59 59
South Carolina ....: 6,000 6,000 1,400 1,400 233 233
:
South Dakota ......: 9,400 9,400 4,500 4,500 479 479
Tennessee .........: 21,600 21,500 3,800 3,800 176 177
Texas .............: 72,800 72,800 39,000 39,000 536 536
Utah ..............: 5,000 5,000 1,900 1,900 380 380
Vermont ...........: 1,950 1,950 310 310 159 159
Virginia ..........: 13,900 13,900 2,800 2,800 201 201
Washington ........: 8,300 8,300 1,700 1,700 205 205
West Virginia .....: 5,500 5,500 1,400 1,400 255 255
Wisconsin .........: 20,200 20,100 2,900 2,900 144 144
Wyoming ...........: 3,800 3,800 4,100 4,100 1,079 1,079
:
United States .....: 615,340 613,940 187,100 186,550 304 304
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class
- States and United States: 2019-2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Economic sales class: $100,000-$249,999
:-----------------------------------------------------------
: Number of farms : Land in farms : Average farm size
State :-----------------------------------------------------------
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ----- number ---- -- 1,000 acres -- ----- acres ----
:
Alabama ...........: 1,150 1,150 810 810 704 704
Alaska ............: 40 40 210 210 5,250 5,250
Arizona ...........: 510 510 10,400 10,400 20,392 20,392
Arkansas ..........: 1,400 1,400 950 950 679 679
California ........: 6,500 6,400 3,200 3,200 492 500
Colorado ..........: 2,600 2,600 5,800 5,800 2,231 2,231
Connecticut .......: 190 190 30 30 158 158
Delaware ..........: 130 130 40 40 308 308
Florida ...........: 1,900 1,900 1,100 1,100 579 579
Georgia ...........: 1,400 1,400 710 710 507 507
:
Hawaii ............: 270 270 130 130 481 481
Idaho .............: 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,000 1,000
Illinois ..........: 8,000 8,000 2,700 2,700 338 338
Indiana ...........: 5,200 5,200 1,600 1,600 308 308
Iowa ..............: 11,000 11,000 3,600 3,600 327 327
Kansas ............: 6,100 6,100 6,500 6,500 1,066 1,066
Kentucky ..........: 3,000 3,000 1,200 1,200 400 400
Louisiana .........: 950 950 790 790 832 832
Maine .............: 320 320 100 100 313 313
Maryland ..........: 720 720 210 210 292 292
:
Massachusetts .....: 340 340 40 40 118 118
Michigan ..........: 3,200 3,100 1,300 1,300 406 419
Minnesota .........: 7,700 7,700 2,900 2,900 377 377
Mississippi .......: 940 940 620 620 660 660
Missouri ..........: 5,800 5,800 3,500 3,500 603 603
Montana ...........: 3,150 3,150 10,300 10,300 3,270 3,270
Nebraska ..........: 6,500 6,500 5,900 5,900 908 908
Nevada ............: 220 220 960 960 4,364 4,364
New Hampshire .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
New Jersey ........: 450 450 110 110 244 244
:
New Mexico ........: 810 810 6,200 6,200 7,654 7,654
New York ..........: 2,850 2,850 880 880 309 309
North Carolina ....: 1,700 1,700 700 700 412 412
North Dakota ......: 3,200 3,200 4,600 4,600 1,438 1,438
Ohio ..............: 6,500 6,600 2,000 2,000 308 303
Oklahoma ..........: 4,250 4,250 6,400 6,400 1,506 1,506
Oregon ............: 1,800 1,800 2,500 2,500 1,389 1,389
Pennsylvania ......: 5,000 5,000 1,100 1,100 220 220
Rhode Island ......: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
South Carolina ....: 630 630 300 300 476 476
:
South Dakota ......: 4,500 4,500 6,900 6,900 1,533 1,533
Tennessee .........: 1,800 1,800 850 850 472 472
Texas .............: 7,400 7,400 19,200 19,100 2,595 2,581
Utah ..............: 890 890 1,300 1,300 1,461 1,461
Vermont ...........: 470 470 140 140 298 298
Virginia ..........: 1,700 1,700 950 950 559 559
Washington ........: 1,800 1,800 3,000 3,000 1,667 1,667
West Virginia .....: 370 370 270 270 730 730
Wisconsin .........: 7,000 6,900 2,100 2,100 300 304
Wyoming ...........: 1,200 1,200 5,300 5,300 4,417 4,417
:
Other States 1/ ...: 190 190 40 40 (X) (X)
:
United States .....: 135,440 135,240 132,140 132,040 976 976
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(X) Not applicable.
1/ Includes data withheld above.
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class
- States and United States: 2019-2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Economic sales class: $250,000-$499,999
:-----------------------------------------------------------
: Number of farms : Land in farms : Average farm size
State :-----------------------------------------------------------
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---- number ---- -- 1,000 acres -- ----- acres ----
:
Alabama ...........: 650 650 580 580 892 892
Alaska ............: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
Arizona ...........: 200 200 1,600 1,600 8,000 8,000
Arkansas ..........: 1,100 1,100 800 800 727 727
California ........: 4,000 4,000 2,200 2,200 550 550
Colorado ..........: 1,500 1,500 5,800 5,800 3,867 3,867
Connecticut .......: 110 110 20 20 182 182
Delaware ..........: 110 110 50 50 455 455
Florida ...........: 1,000 1,000 850 850 850 850
Georgia ...........: 1,100 1,100 690 690 627 627
:
Hawaii ............: 120 120 170 170 1,417 1,417
Idaho .............: 1,200 1,200 1,500 1,500 1,250 1,250
Illinois ..........: 6,100 6,000 4,000 4,000 656 667
Indiana ...........: 3,250 3,200 2,000 2,000 615 625
Iowa ..............: 9,200 9,100 5,500 5,500 598 604
Kansas ............: 4,150 4,150 7,500 7,500 1,807 1,807
Kentucky ..........: 1,400 1,400 900 900 643 643
Louisiana .........: 570 570 610 610 1,070 1,070
Maine .............: 180 180 100 100 556 556
Maryland ..........: 490 490 230 230 469 469
:
Massachusetts .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
Michigan ..........: 2,150 2,100 1,300 1,300 605 619
Minnesota .........: 5,800 5,800 4,000 4,000 690 690
Mississippi .......: 580 580 580 580 1,000 1,000
Missouri ..........: 2,950 2,950 2,900 2,900 983 983
Montana ...........: 2,250 2,250 13,300 13,300 5,911 5,911
Nebraska ..........: 5,100 5,100 7,900 7,900 1,549 1,549
Nevada ............: 200 200 900 900 4,500 4,500
New Hampshire .....: 70 70 30 30 429 429
New Jersey ........: 280 280 80 80 286 286
:
New Mexico ........: 390 390 6,300 6,300 16,154 16,154
New York ..........: 1,700 1,700 780 780 459 459
North Carolina ....: 1,250 1,250 700 700 560 560
North Dakota ......: 3,000 3,000 6,600 6,600 2,200 2,200
Ohio ..............: 3,000 2,900 1,600 1,600 533 552
Oklahoma ..........: 2,100 2,100 4,600 4,600 2,190 2,190
Oregon ............: 1,150 1,150 2,800 2,800 2,435 2,435
Pennsylvania ......: 3,100 3,100 980 980 316 316
Rhode Island ......: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
South Carolina ....: 280 280 230 230 821 821
:
South Dakota ......: 3,800 3,800 8,800 8,800 2,316 2,316
Tennessee .........: 1,000 1,000 660 660 660 660
Texas .............: 3,600 3,600 14,800 14,800 4,111 4,111
Utah ..............: 510 510 2,000 2,000 3,922 3,922
Vermont ...........: 320 320 130 130 406 406
Virginia ..........: 960 960 680 680 708 708
Washington ........: 1,250 1,250 2,200 2,200 1,760 1,760
West Virginia .....: 130 130 110 110 846 846
Wisconsin .........: 4,250 4,250 2,100 2,100 494 494
Wyoming ...........: 810 810 6,100 6,100 7,531 7,531
:
Other States 1/ ...: 250 250 130 130 (X) (X)
:
United States .....: 88,660 88,260 128,390 128,390 1,448 1,455
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(X) Not applicable.
1/ Includes data withheld above.
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class
- States and United States: 2019-2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Economic sales class: $500,000-$999,999
:-----------------------------------------------------------
: Number of farms : Land in farms : Average farm size
State :-----------------------------------------------------------
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---- number ---- -- 1,000 acres -- ----- acres ----
:
Alabama ...........: 1,100 1,100 660 660 600 600
Alaska ............: 30 30 20 20 667 667
Arizona ...........: 220 220 1,000 1,000 4,545 4,545
Arkansas ..........: 1,400 1,450 1,200 1,200 857 828
California ........: 3,200 3,300 2,300 2,300 719 697
Colorado ..........: 920 920 4,700 4,700 5,109 5,109
Connecticut .......: 70 70 20 20 286 286
Delaware ..........: 260 260 110 110 423 423
Florida ...........: 900 900 650 650 722 722
Georgia ...........: 1,850 1,850 1,400 1,500 757 811
:
Hawaii ............: 70 70 210 210 3,000 3,000
Idaho .............: 800 800 1,750 1,750 2,188 2,188
Illinois ..........: 5,200 5,100 6,000 6,000 1,154 1,176
Indiana ...........: 2,500 2,450 2,700 2,700 1,080 1,102
Iowa ..............: 7,900 7,900 7,800 7,800 987 987
Kansas ............: 2,900 2,900 9,200 9,200 3,172 3,172
Kentucky ..........: 1,000 1,000 900 900 900 900
Louisiana .........: 730 730 1,050 1,050 1,438 1,438
Maine .............: 110 110 70 70 636 636
Maryland ..........: 520 520 330 330 635 635
:
Massachusetts .....: 140 140 30 30 214 214
Michigan ..........: 1,500 1,450 1,400 1,400 933 966
Minnesota .........: 4,800 4,800 5,100 5,100 1,063 1,063
Mississippi .......: 880 880 900 900 1,023 1,023
Missouri ..........: 2,400 2,400 3,700 3,700 1,542 1,542
Montana ...........: 1,250 1,250 12,100 12,100 9,680 9,680
Nebraska ..........: 4,300 4,300 9,200 9,200 2,140 2,140
Nevada ............: 110 110 640 640 5,818 5,818
New Hampshire .....: 30 30 10 10 333 333
New Jersey ........: 200 200 90 90 450 450
:
New Mexico ........: 260 260 6,200 6,200 23,846 23,846
New York ..........: 930 930 640 640 688 688
North Carolina ....: 1,450 1,450 900 900 621 621
North Dakota ......: 2,700 2,650 8,800 8,800 3,259 3,321
Ohio ..............: 2,650 2,700 2,200 2,200 830 815
Oklahoma ..........: 1,100 1,100 3,600 3,600 3,273 3,273
Oregon ............: 870 870 2,800 2,800 3,218 3,218
Pennsylvania ......: 1,650 1,650 750 750 455 455
Rhode Island ......: 20 20 10 10 500 500
South Carolina ....: 380 380 400 400 1,053 1,053
:
South Dakota ......: 2,600 2,600 8,800 8,800 3,385 3,385
Tennessee .........: 830 830 890 890 1,072 1,072
Texas .............: 3,100 3,100 14,800 14,700 4,774 4,742
Utah ..............: 320 320 1,000 1,000 3,125 3,125
Vermont ...........: 140 140 80 80 571 571
Virginia ..........: 850 850 670 670 788 788
Washington ........: 1,100 1,100 2,300 2,300 2,091 2,091
West Virginia .....: 150 150 110 110 733 733
Wisconsin .........: 2,400 2,400 1,800 1,800 750 750
Wyoming ...........: 380 380 6,100 6,100 16,053 16,053
:
United States .....: 71,170 71,120 138,090 138,090 1,940 1,942
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of Farms, Land in Farms, and Average Farm Size by Economic Sales Class
- States and United States: 2019-2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Economic sales class: $1,000,000 or more
:-----------------------------------------------------------
: Number of farms : Land in farms : Average farm size
State :-----------------------------------------------------------
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---- number ---- -- 1,000 acres -- ----- acres ----
:
Alabama ...........: 1,600 1,600 1,150 1,150 719 719
Alaska ............: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
Arizona ...........: 420 420 3,200 3,200 7,619 7,619
Arkansas ..........: 3,400 3,450 5,600 5,700 1,647 1,652
California ........: 6,400 6,400 11,000 11,000 1,719 1,719
Colorado ..........: 880 880 6,300 6,300 7,159 7,159
Connecticut .......: 80 80 80 80 1,000 1,000
Delaware ..........: 470 470 260 260 553 553
Florida ...........: 1,200 1,200 3,700 3,700 3,083 3,083
Georgia ...........: 2,450 2,450 2,400 2,400 980 980
:
Hawaii ............: 90 90 320 320 3,556 3,556
Idaho .............: 1,100 1,100 4,100 4,100 3,727 3,727
Illinois ..........: 4,400 4,400 10,600 10,700 2,409 2,432
Indiana ...........: 2,850 2,850 5,900 5,900 2,070 2,070
Iowa ..............: 6,400 6,400 9,200 9,200 1,438 1,438
Kansas ............: 2,550 2,550 13,400 13,400 5,255 5,255
Kentucky ..........: 1,200 1,200 2,400 2,400 2,000 2,000
Louisiana .........: 1,050 1,050 2,550 2,550 2,429 2,429
Maine .............: 140 140 290 290 2,071 2,071
Maryland ..........: 670 670 580 580 866 866
:
Massachusetts .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
Michigan ..........: 1,650 1,650 2,950 3,000 1,788 1,818
Minnesota .........: 4,300 4,200 8,300 8,300 1,930 1,976
Mississippi .......: 1,900 1,900 3,100 3,100 1,632 1,632
Missouri ..........: 2,250 2,250 5,700 5,700 2,533 2,533
Montana ...........: 650 650 10,000 10,000 15,385 15,385
Nebraska ..........: 4,200 4,200 16,200 16,200 3,857 3,857
Nevada ............: 140 140 2,550 2,550 18,214 18,214
New Hampshire .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
New Jersey ........: 220 220 140 140 636 636
:
New Mexico ........: 340 340 6,100 6,100 17,941 17,941
New York ..........: 920 920 1,700 1,700 1,848 1,848
North Carolina ....: 3,200 3,200 2,900 2,900 906 906
North Dakota ......: 2,500 2,450 14,000 14,000 5,600 5,714
Ohio ..............: 2,250 2,300 3,000 3,000 1,333 1,304
Oklahoma ..........: 1,050 1,050 4,200 4,200 4,000 4,000
Oregon ............: 980 980 3,700 3,700 3,776 3,776
Pennsylvania ......: 1,350 1,350 970 970 719 719
Rhode Island ......: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
South Carolina ....: 910 910 970 970 1,066 1,066
:
South Dakota ......: 2,300 2,300 13,200 13,200 5,739 5,739
Tennessee .........: 870 870 1,900 1,900 2,184 2,184
Texas .............: 3,600 3,600 23,500 23,500 6,528 6,528
Utah ..............: 280 280 3,900 3,900 13,929 13,929
Vermont ...........: 170 170 260 260 1,529 1,529
Virginia ..........: 890 890 1,000 1,000 1,124 1,124
Washington ........: 1,450 1,450 4,600 4,600 3,172 3,172
West Virginia .....: 150 150 110 110 733 733
Wisconsin .........: 2,050 2,050 3,500 3,500 1,707 1,707
Wyoming ...........: 210 210 6,200 6,200 29,524 29,524
:
Other States 1/ ...: 120 120 60 60 (X) (X)
:
United States .....: 78,250 78,200 227,740 227,990 2,910 2,915
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(X) Not applicable.
1/ Includes data withheld above.
Statistical Methodology
Procedures: In 2020, the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS)
implemented a statistical modeling approach to generate survey indications.
This approach was in response to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on data
collection processes and the suspension of in-person data collection. NASS
has been doing everything possible to keep all parties involved safe and slow
the spread of the virus while continuing to produce critical data about
American agriculture.
Prior to 2020, data were collected by NASS during the June Agricultural
Survey using sampling procedures to ensure every farm and ranch has a chance
of being selected. NASS used a multiple sampling frame approach to count
farms and measure land in farms. An Area Sampling Frame that divided all land
into segments is built for every state except Alaska. A sample of segments
was selected in each state except Alaska and Hawaii and enumerated in early
June. Highly trained interviewers located each sampled segment and identified
every farm and ranch operating land in the segment and the number of acres in
each operation.
These data were used to compute summaries of farm numbers and acres of land
in farms. Additionally, all farms found in the segments were checked against
a list of farms and ranches maintained by NASS to determine if the farm is on
the list. Operations found in the Area Frame sample that were not on the list
provided a measure of incompleteness of the list. The summarized totals for
these non-overlap (or not-on-list) operations were combined with summarized
totals collected from a sample selected from the list to calculate additional
indications of farms and land in farms.
Estimation Procedures: In 2020, the modeling effort incorporated historic
trends and previous ten years of survey estimates. This stop-gap approach
allowed the data series to continue and was roughly consistent with prior
year procedures when survey data were available. Estimates were established
under secure conditions to protect reports until they were publicly released
at preannounced dates and times. Headquarters established national estimates
and ensured that state estimates are in balance with the national numbers.
Revision Policy: Estimates are subject to revision the following year and
following review of the five-year Census of Agriculture. The basis for
revision must be supported by additional data which directly affect the level
of the estimate.
Reliability: For 2020, the modeled estimates have an associated variance to
measure error. This error can be expressed as a percentage of the estimate
and referred to as the coefficient of variation (CV). The model error CV for
the United States number of farms was 0.3 percent and land in farms was 0.1
percent. Additional sources of measurement error may arise from the model
selection. This source of error is not reflected in the CV's reported above.
Prior to 2020, two types of survey errors, sampling and non-sampling, are
possible in the final estimates, and both can affect the quality of the
estimates. Sampling error occurs because a complete census is not taken. The
sampling error measures the variation in estimates from the average of all
possible samples. An estimate of 100 with a sampling error of 1 would mean
that chances are 19 out of 20 that the estimates from all possible samples
averaged together would be between 98 and 102; which is the survey estimate,
plus or minus two times the sampling error. The sampling error expressed as a
percent of the estimate is called the coefficient of variation (CV). In 2019,
the CV for the United States number of farms was 2.0 percent and land in
farms 1.6 percent. The CVs by economic sales class ranged from 2.7 percent to
5.1 percent for number of farms and 3.1 to 7.6 percent for land in farms at
the United States level.
Non-sampling errors can occur in complete censuses as well as sample surveys.
They are caused by the inability to obtain correct information from each
person surveyed, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, and
mistakes in coding or processing the data. Special efforts are taken at each
step of the survey to minimize non-sampling errors.
Terms and Definitions
A farm is "any place from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were
produced and sold, or normally would have been sold, during the year."
Government payments are included in sales. Ranches, institutional farms,
experimental and research farms, and Indian Reservations are included as
farms. Places with the entire acreage enrolled in the Conservation Reserve
Program (CRP), Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP), and other government
conservation programs are counted as farms.
The definition of a farm was first established in 1850 and has changed nine
times since. The current definition was first used for the 1974 Census.
Land in farms consists of agricultural land used for crops, pasture, or
grazing. Also included is woodland and wasteland not actually under
cultivation or used for pasture or grazing, provided it was part of the farm
operator's total operation. Land in farms includes acres in CRP, WRP, and
other government conservation programs.
Land in farms includes land owned and operated as well as land rented from
others. Land used rent-free is included as land rented from others. All
grazing land, except land used under government permits on a per-head basis,
is included as land in farms provided it was part of a farm or ranch. Land
under the exclusive use of a grazing association is reported by the grazing
association and included as land in farms. All land in American Indian
reservations used for growing crops or grazing livestock is included as land
in farms. Land in reservations not reported by individual American Indians or
non-Native Americans is reported in the name of the cooperative group that
used the land. In many instances, the entire American Indian reservation is
reported as one farm.
Economic sales classes are based on the gross value of agricultural products
sold. Government program payments are also included.
Point Farms are places that did not have $1,000 of reported sales for the
year, but had sufficient crops and livestock to normally have sales of $1,000
or more.
Farm Definition History
The definition of a farm has remained the same since 1974. Activities
included as agriculture, however, have undergone modification in recent
years. Beginning in 1995, operations having 5 or more horses or ponies and no
other agricultural sales were counted as horse farms. An operation with 1 or
more horses with agricultural sales of at least $1,000, qualified as a farm.
Two industries, maple syrup and short rotation woody crop farms, were added
beginning in 1997 as a result of the new North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS). These changes were made to achieve
comparability with the Census of Agriculture farm definition. All the changes
in the farm definition beginning in 1995 were carried back to 1993 and
included in the 1993-1998 estimates. These changes bring comparability
between the Census of Agriculture data and the annually published NASS
estimates. Because of these changes in the farm definition, the official
estimates show a level difference in the number of farms between 1992 and
1993 in some states. To further align the counting of farms with the Census
of Agriculture, places with 100 acres or more of pasture only in 2002 were
included in farm and land in farm numbers. The handling of Indian reservation
land was changed in 2002 to provide some accounting for individual farms.
Minimum Criteria for "FARM" Definition, 1840 - Present and Enumeration of
Apiaries and Fur Farms
Year Acres in Value of Value of Sales Required Apiaries
Place Agricultural of some and Fur Farms
Products Agricultural Agricultural Enumerated
(Produced) Products Operations
1974 - Present - - - - $1,000 or more - - - -
1959 Less than 10 - - $250 or more - - - -
10 or more - - $50 or more - - - -
1954 Less than 3 - - $150 or more - - - -
3 or more $150 or more - - - - - -
1950 Less than 3 - - $150 or more - - Apiaries
3 or more $150 or more - - - - Fur Farms
1935 - 1945 Less than 3 $250 or more - - - - Apiaries
3 or more - - - - X Fur Farms
1930 Less than 3 $250 or more - - - - Apiaries
3 or more - - - - X - -
1925 Less than 3 $250 or more - - - - - -
3 or more - - - - X - -
1910 - 1925 Less than 3 $250 or more - - - - Apiaries
3 or more - - - - X - -
1900 Less than 3 - - - - - - Apiaries
3 or more - - - - X - -
1870 - 1890 Less than 3 - - $500 or more - - Apiaries
3 or more - - - - X - -
1860 - - - - - - - - - -
1850 - - $100 or more - - - - Apiaries
1840 - - - - - - - - - -
Historic Estimates: Final estimates of Farms and Land in Farms in earlier
years are available in Statistical Bulletins No. 1049 for 2013-2017, No. 1030
for 2008-2012, No. 1018 for 2003-2007, No. 991 for 1998-2002, No. 955 for
1993-97, No. 895 for 1988-92, No. 792 for 1979-87, SpSy3 for 1975-80, No. 594
for 1969-75, No. 507 for 1959-70, No. 316 for number of farm estimates for
1910-59 and land in farms estimates for 1950-59.
Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Environmental, Economics, and
Demographics Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for
additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov.
Tony Dorn, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch.......... (202) 720-6146
Bruce Boess, Head, Economics Section......................................... (202) 720-4447
Stephanie Brennan - Farm Computer Use, Farm Production Expenditures....... (202) 690-0392
Kuan Chen - Prices, Prices Indexes, Parity Prices......................... (202) 690-3347
Doug Farmer - Chemical Use, Land Values................................... (202) 690-3229
Zoe Johnson - Cash Receipts, Farm Production Expenditures................. (202) 720-5446
Michael Mathison - Cash Rents, Farms, Land in Farms, Grazing Fees......... (202) 720-3243
Max Reason - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes.. (202) 720-8844
Theresa Varner - Farm Labor............................................... (202) 690-3231
Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following
ways:
All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web
site: www.nass.usda.gov
Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-
mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit
www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right
corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports
you would like to receive.
Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and
other agency's archived reports. The new website,
https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing
reports will be sent from the new website,
https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via
e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account
and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an
account or subscribe, they are located at:
https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist
notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to
avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders.
For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural
Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail:
nass@usda.gov.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against
its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race,
color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion,
reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial
or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic
information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded
by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs
and/or employment activities.)
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination,
complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online
at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer,
or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may
also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form.
Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue,
S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at
program.intake@usda.gov.Farms and Land in Farms 2020 Summary