Agricultural Prices
ISSN: 1937-4216
Released January 29, 2021, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service
(NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
December Prices Received Index Down 1.8 Percent
The December Prices Received Index 2011 Base (Agricultural Production), at
91.4, decreased 1.8 percent from November but increased 0.3 percent from
December 2019. At 91.8, the Crop Production Index was down 0.5 percent from
last month but up 6.6 percent from the previous year. The Livestock
Production Index, at 90.9, decreased 3.5 percent from November and
6.4 percent from December 2019. Producers received higher prices during
December for broilers, corn, soybeans, and cattle but lower prices for milk,
lettuce, market eggs, and oranges. In addition to prices, the volume change
of commodities marketed also influences the indexes. In December, there was
increased monthly movement for oranges, broilers, cotton, and milk and
decreased marketing of corn, grapes, soybeans, and calves.
December Prices Paid Index Up 0.7 Percent
The December Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes,
and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 112.7, is up 0.7 percent from November 2020
and 1.6 percent from December 2019. Higher prices in December for complete
feeds, LP gas, feeder pigs, and diesel more than offset lower prices for
feeder cattle, herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.
Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes
2011 Base - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: December : November : December
Index Group : 2019 : 2020 : 2020
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: percent percent percent
:
:
Prices received by farmers ...............: 91.1 93.1 91.4
:
Prices paid by farmers ...................: 110.9 111.9 112.7
:
Ratio of prices received to prices paid ..: 82 83 81
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contents
Prices Received by Farmers................................................................................... 4
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons........................... 5
Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons...................... 5
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2019 and 2020............... 5
Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2019 and 2020................... 6
Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons................... 7
Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons................. 8
Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2020 with Comparisons............ 9
Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2020 with Comparisons................. 9
Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons..................... 10
Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons.................. 10
Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons................... 11
Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons.................. 11
Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons.......................... 11
Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons.................... 12
Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons................ 12
Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons................... 12
Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons.......................... 13
Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons................. 13
Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons...................... 14
Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons..................... 14
Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons........................ 15
Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons...................... 15
Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons............ 15
Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons..................... 15
Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 16
Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: December 2020
with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 16
Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons................... 17
Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: December 2020................ 17
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: December 2019.............................. 18
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: November 2020.............................. 18
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: December 2020.............................. 18
Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons...................... 19
Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2021 with Comparisons...................... 19
Parity Price Overview........................................................................................ 20
Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: December 2020
with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 21
Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons...................................... 22
Marketing Year for Specified Commodities..................................................................... 24
Rice Market Year Average Prices Received by All and Length of Grain - States and United States: Marketing
Years 2017 through 2019................................................................................... 25
All Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2018-2019
through 2020-2021......................................................................................... 26
Long Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2018-2019
through 2020-2021......................................................................................... 26
Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing
Years 2018-2019 through 2020-2021......................................................................... 27
Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received by Month - California and Other States: Marketing Years
2019-2020 through 2020-2021............................................................................... 27
Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2016-2020..... 28
Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States:
2016-2020 ................................................................................................ 30
Reliability of Prices Received Estimates..................................................................... 31
Prices Paid by Farmers....................................................................................... 32
Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons................ 33
Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States:
December 2020 with Comparisons............................................................................ 34
Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons............................................ 35
Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons.......... 35
Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons............................. 35
Annual Average Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: 2015-2020................................... 36
Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle - States, Regions, and United States: 2019 and 2020............................. 36
Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2016-2020......... 37
Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average -
United States: 2016-2020.................................................................................. 40
Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States:
2016-2020 ................................................................................................ 44
Feed Ratios Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2016-2020............................................ 47
Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates......................................................................... 48
Information Contacts......................................................................................... 49
December Prices Received by Farmers
Crop production: The December index, at 91.8, is 0.5 percent lower than
November but 6.6 percent higher than December 2019. The vegetable & melon and
fruit & tree nut index decreases more than offset the grain & oilseed and
other crop index increases.
Grain and oilseed: The December index, at 74.5, is up 4.1 percent from
November and 13 percent from December 2019. The feed grain, food grain, and
oilseed indexes all increased.
Feed grain: The December index, at 67.2, increased 5.0 percent from last
month and increased 8.9 percent from December 2019. The corn price, at $3.97
per bushel, is up 18 cents from last month and 26 cents from December 2019.
Food grain: At 81.1, the index for December increased 0.9 percent from the
previous month and 9.9 percent from December 2019. The December price for all
wheat, at $5.43 per bushel, is 19 cents higher than November and 79 cents
higher than December 2019. The December price for rice, at $13.50 per cwt, is
10 cents higher than November and 70 cents higher than December 2019.
Oilseed: At 83.5, the index for December increased 1.8 percent from November
and 20 percent from December 2019. The soybean price, at $10.50 per bushel,
is 20 cents higher than November and $1.80 higher than December 2019.
Fruit and tree nut: The December index, at 143.6, is down 5.8 percent from
November but up 16 percent from December 2019. Price decreases during
December for oranges, strawberries, grapefruit, and lemons more than offset
price increases for grapes and apples.
Vegetable and melon: At 112.6, the index for December decreased 25 percent
from the previous month and 16 percent from December 2019. Price decreases
during December for lettuce, broccoli, tomatoes, and potatoes more than
offset price increases for sweet corn, celery, cauliflower, and carrots.
Other crop: The December index, at 85.2, is up 1.4 percent from the previous
month and 2.4 percent from
December 2019. At 65.6 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is
2.2 cents higher than November and 4.0 cents higher than December 2019. The
all hay price, at $155.00 per ton, is $1.00 lower than November and $3.00
lower than December 2019.
Livestock production: The index for December, at 90.9, decreased 3.5 percent
from the previous month and 6.4 percent from December 2019. Meat animal and
dairy index decreases more than offset the higher poultry & egg index.
Meat animal: At 89.8, the December index decreased 1.4 percent from the
previous month and 5.2 percent from December 2019. At $49.10 per cwt, the
December hog price is $2.80 lower than November but $1.80 higher than
December 2019. The December beef cattle price of $108.00 per cwt is $1.00
higher than the previous month but
$10.00 lower than December 2019.
Dairy: The index for December, at 92.0, is down 13 percent from the previous
month and 11 percent from
December 2019. The December all milk price of $18.50 per cwt is $2.80 lower
than November and $2.20 lower than December 2019.
Poultry and egg: At 92.0, the December index increased 0.9 percent from
November but decreased 4.9 percent from December 2019. The December broiler
price, at 43.8 cents per pound, is 4.7 cents higher than November but
1.1 cents lower than December 2019. The December market egg price, at
45.2 cents per dozen, is 27.2 cents lower than November and 26.3 cents lower
than December 2019. At 72.1 cents per pound, the December turkey price is
1.3 cents lower than the previous month but 9.7 cents higher than December
2019.
Food Commodities: The index, at 96.3, decreased 4.7 percent from the previous
month and 0.6 percent from December 2019.
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are
available at www.nass.usda.gov]
--------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2011 Base
:-----------------------------------
: December : November : December
Index Group : 2019 : 2020 : 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------
: percent
:
Agricultural production ........: 91.1 93.1 91.4
Crop production ..............: 86.1 92.3 91.8
Grain and oilseed ..........: 66.0 71.6 74.5
Feed grain ...............: 61.7 64.0 67.2
Food grain ...............: 73.8 80.4 81.1
Oilseed ..................: 69.6 82.0 83.5
Fruit and tree nut .........: 124.2 152.5 143.6
Vegetable and melon ........: 133.8 149.1 112.6
Other crop .................: 83.2 84.0 85.2
:
Livestock production .........: 97.1 94.2 90.9
Meat animal ................: 94.7 91.1 89.8
Cattle ...................: 103.3 95.3 95.6
Hog ......................: 71.1 78.0 73.8
Dairy ......................: 103.0 106.0 92.0
Poultry and egg ............: 96.7 91.2 92.0
:
Food commodity .................: 96.9 101.1 96.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States:
December 2020 with Comparisons
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are
available at www.nass.usda.gov]
--------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1910 - 1914 Base
:-----------------------------------
: December : November : December
Index Group : 2019 : 2020 : 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------
: percent
:
Agricultural production ........: 941 961 943
Crop production ..............: 751 805 801
Livestock production .........: 1128 1094 1056
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups -
United States: 2019 and 2020
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available
at www.nass.usda.gov]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2011 Base
:---------------------------------------------------------------
Month : Agricultural : Crop : Livestock : Food
: production : production : production : commodities
:---------------------------------------------------------------
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: percent percent percent -- percent --
:
January .......: 86.4 89.0 78.7 82.6 97.8 98.5 92.9 96.5
February ......: 90.3 90.7 85.1 86.6 95.2 94.7 94.3 95.1
March .........: 93.3 92.6 87.8 87.4 98.1 97.4 98.0 97.9
April .........: 93.7 82.1 85.8 86.3 100.5 78.4 97.7 84.3
May ...........: 92.6 84.5 85.0 86.8 99.1 82.6 96.1 87.7
June ..........: 93.7 88.1 89.9 89.5 97.3 86.7 96.7 92.3
July ..........: 91.3 86.7 89.2 88.6 93.7 84.5 93.4 90.3
August ........: 91.5 87.5 89.2 91.1 93.7 83.9 94.1 91.0
September .....: 88.0 89.3 88.5 94.2 87.3 84.1 89.9 92.9
October .......: 86.0 89.2 83.1 88.4 90.6 90.6 89.3 94.6
November ......: 90.4 93.1 85.1 92.3 97.1 94.2 97.4 101.1
December ......: 91.1 91.4 86.1 91.8 97.1 90.9 96.9 96.3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States:
2019 and 2020
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available
at www.nass.usda.gov]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2011 Base
:---------------------------------------------------------------
Month : All items : : Crop : Livestock
: (PPITW) : Production : sector : sector
:---------------------------------------------------------------
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent --
:
January .......: 110.5 111.4 107.4 107.6 111.6 112.0 109.3 110.7
February ......: 110.6 111.1 107.5 107.1 111.8 112.0 109.4 110.1
March .........: 110.7 110.1 107.6 105.9 111.6 111.5 109.8 108.7
April .........: 111.3 108.9 108.4 104.5 111.6 111.0 110.9 106.7
May ...........: 110.9 109.0 107.8 104.6 111.7 111.2 109.9 106.7
June ..........: 110.4 109.2 107.2 104.9 111.8 111.6 108.9 106.8
July ..........: 110.6 109.7 107.3 105.3 112.1 111.7 109.1 107.5
August ........: 109.9 109.9 106.2 105.7 111.4 111.8 108.2 108.0
September .....: 109.6 110.3 105.8 106.1 111.0 111.9 108.0 108.6
October .......: 110.4 111.1 106.7 107.2 111.6 112.2 109.0 109.9
November ......: 110.6 111.9 107.1 108.3 111.7 112.4 109.4 111.3
December ......: 110.9 112.7 107.4 109.4 111.9 112.9 109.7 112.5
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons
[Price data source for non-citrus fruit commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's
Agricultural Marketing Service]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2011 : : :
Commodity : Base Price :December 2019 :November 2020 :December 2020
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
:
Field crops :
Barley, all ...............dollars/bushel: 4.79 4.51 4.78 4.79
Feed .....................dollars/bushel: 4.59 3.32 3.32 3.01
Malting ..................dollars/bushel: 4.83 4.81 5.00 4.86
Beans, dry edible ............dollars/cwt: 34.60 33.50 29.70 31.00
Canola .......................dollars/cwt: 23.10 14.70 18.10 17.20
Chickpeas, all ...............dollars/cwt: 35.70 14.80 19.00 20.20
Large .......................dollars/cwt: 39.20 17.40 20.70 19.30
Small .......................dollars/cwt: 23.40 13.10 16.30 21.50
Corn ......................dollars/bushel: 6.02 3.71 3.79 3.97
:
Cotton, Upland .............dollars/pound: 0.880 0.616 0.634 0.656
Cottonseed ...................dollars/ton: 131.00 163.00 199.00 195.00
Flaxseed ..................dollars/bushel: 14.20 8.91 10.70 10.90
Hay, all, baled ..............dollars/ton: 159.00 158.00 156.00 155.00
Alfalfa .....................dollars/ton: 176.00 172.00 167.00 169.00
Other .......................dollars/ton: 119.00 136.00 136.00 134.00
Lentils ......................dollars/cwt: 27.50 14.80 18.20 18.20
Oats ......................dollars/bushel: 3.42 3.02 3.02 2.69
Peanuts, in-shell ..........dollars/pound: 0.252 0.196 0.212 0.204
:
Peas, dry edible .............dollars/cwt: 13.60 10.10 9.09 10.20
Rice, all ....................dollars/cwt: 13.70 12.80 13.40 13.50
Long ........................dollars/cwt: 12.30 11.70 12.10 12.30
Medium and short ............dollars/cwt: 18.40 17.90 16.60 17.90
Sorghum grain ................dollars/cwt: 10.70 5.64 8.61 8.95
Soybeans ..................dollars/bushel: 12.50 8.70 10.30 10.50
Sunflowers, all ..............dollars/cwt: 29.00 17.80 18.90 19.20
:
Wheat, all ................dollars/bushel: 7.44 4.64 5.24 5.43
Winter ...................dollars/bushel: 6.93 4.58 5.34 5.57
Durum ....................dollars/bushel: 9.22 4.44 5.82 5.87
Other spring .............dollars/bushel: 8.33 4.79 5.02 5.18
Hard red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 7.07 4.23 5.22 5.48
Soft red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 6.77 5.43 6.03 6.36
Hard red spring ..........dollars/bushel: 8.38 4.76 4.98 5.15
White ....................dollars/bushel: 6.58 5.40 5.38 5.65
:
Fruits :
Citrus, equivalent on-tree :
Grapefruit ..................dollars/box: 7.47 12.81 21.38 17.22
Lemons ......................dollars/box: 12.30 22.43 25.45 23.20
Oranges .....................dollars/box: 8.16 10.20 18.83 11.03
:
Non-citrus, fresh 1/ :
Apples ....................dollars/pound: 0.325 0.336 0.697 0.702
Grapes ......................dollars/ton: 628.00 2,090.00 2,020.00 2,100.00
Peaches .....................dollars/ton: 507.00 (S) (S) (S)
Pears .......................dollars/ton: 559.00 721.00 1,340.00 1,310.00
Strawberries ................dollars/cwt: 104.00 (S) 231.00 186.00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis
Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons
[Price data source for vegetables, livestock, and poultry commodities is United States Department of
Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2011 : : :
Commodity : Base Price :December 2019 :November 2020 :December 2020
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
:
Vegetables, fresh 1/ :
Asparagus ....................dollars/cwt: 37.50 (S) (S) (S)
Beans, snap ..................dollars/cwt: 69.00 89.30 77.70 86.80
Broccoli .....................dollars/cwt: 41.60 38.10 106.00 71.60
Cantaloupes ..................dollars/cwt: 16.50 (S) 22.60 (S)
Carrots ......................dollars/cwt: 30.80 29.90 42.30 42.60
Cauliflower ..................dollars/cwt: 47.00 41.90 95.90 101.00
Celery .......................dollars/cwt: 22.50 27.40 49.80 55.10
Corn, sweet ..................dollars/cwt: 30.70 30.50 35.60 72.90
Cucumbers ....................dollars/cwt: 18.70 41.50 31.80 26.70
Lettuce ......................dollars/cwt: 24.30 49.00 58.30 21.20
Onions 2/ ....................dollars/cwt: 11.90 11.20 20.50 19.50
Potatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 14.30 13.90 10.90 10.30
Tomatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 51.20 112.00 82.60 73.50
:
Livestock :
Calves .......................dollars/cwt: 142.00 159.00 162.00 165.00
Cattle, all beef .............dollars/cwt: 115.00 118.00 107.00 108.00
Cows 3/ .....................dollars/cwt: 71.60 59.30 59.30 58.10
Steers and heifers ..........dollars/cwt: 117.00 120.00 109.00 111.00
Milk cows 4/ ................dollars/head: 1,420.00 (NA) (NA) (NA)
Hogs, all ....................dollars/cwt: 66.50 47.30 51.90 49.10
Barrows and gilts ...........dollars/cwt: 66.80 47.70 52.30 49.40
Sows ........................dollars/cwt: 57.90 33.40 41.80 42.20
:
Dairy and poultry :
Milk, all 5/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.10 20.70 21.30 18.50
Fat test ........................percent: 3.71 4.06 4.09 4.13
Broilers, live 6/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.459 0.449 0.391 0.438
Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.969 0.931 0.968 0.734
Market 7/ .................dollars/dozen: 0.796 0.715 0.724 0.452
Turkeys, live 8/ ...........dollars/pound: 0.680 0.624 0.734 0.721
:
Adjusted for seasonal variation :
Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.979 0.816 0.754 0.647
Seasonal factor .................percent: 101 114 128 113
Milk, all ....................dollars/cwt: 20.20 20.10 19.60 18.00
Seasonal factor .................percent: 100 103 108 103
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(NA) Not available.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis
2/ Includes some processing.
3/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter.
4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and
October.
5/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling
subsidies.
6/ Live weight equivalent price.
7/ Also referred to as table eggs.
8/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning
January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis.
Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2020 with Comparisons
[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: All wheat : Corn : Soybeans
Month :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : 2018 : 2019 : 2020
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
January ....: 4.65 5.28 4.88 3.29 3.56 3.79 9.30 8.64 8.84
February ...: 4.92 5.33 4.88 3.38 3.60 3.78 9.50 8.52 8.60
March ......: 5.10 5.19 4.86 3.51 3.61 3.68 9.81 8.52 8.47
April ......: 5.28 4.93 4.85 3.58 3.53 3.29 9.85 8.28 8.35
May ........: 5.39 4.78 4.76 3.68 3.63 3.20 9.84 8.02 8.28
June .......: 5.19 4.81 4.56 3.58 3.98 3.16 9.55 8.31 8.34
July .......: 5.00 4.52 4.54 3.47 4.16 3.21 9.08 8.38 8.50
August .....: 5.31 4.34 4.55 3.36 3.93 3.12 8.59 8.22 8.66
September ..: 5.15 4.26 4.73 3.40 3.80 3.40 8.78 8.35 9.24
October ....: 5.22 4.45 4.98 3.42 3.85 3.61 8.59 8.60 9.63
November ...: 5.23 4.39 5.24 3.41 3.68 3.79 8.36 8.59 10.30
December ...: 5.28 4.64 5.43 3.54 3.71 3.97 8.56 8.70 10.50
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2020
with Comparisons
[Price data source for livestock commodities is United States Department of
Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service. Blank data cells indicate
estimation period has not yet begun]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Beef cattle 1/ : All hogs 2/
Month :-----------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : 2018 : 2019 : 2020
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per cwt
:
January ..: 120.00 121.00 122.00 52.50 44.60 47.80
February .: 125.00 123.00 120.00 54.60 43.40 45.50
March ....: 125.00 126.00 113.00 50.00 46.50 47.70
April ....: 119.00 125.00 108.00 45.30 59.40 42.30
May ......: 120.00 120.00 109.00 51.50 62.30 51.00
June .....: 112.00 114.00 109.00 59.10 59.50 41.30
July .....: 110.00 112.00 97.10 58.60 56.60 39.90
August ...: 110.00 111.00 103.00 44.30 58.50 42.90
September : 108.00 103.00 104.00 43.20 47.70 49.70
October ..: 110.00 107.00 106.00 50.30 49.10 56.30
November .: 113.00 113.00 107.00 46.20 48.00 51.90
December .: 117.00 118.00 108.00 43.40 47.30 49.10
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Cows and steers & heifers.
2/ Barrows & gilts and sows.
Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
Arizona ............: (D) (D) (S)
Arkansas ...........: (S) (S) (D)
California .........: (D) (D) (D)
Colorado ...........: 3.98 4.98 5.21
Idaho ..............: 5.02 5.08 5.19
Illinois ...........: 5.63 (D) 5.51
Indiana ............: 5.26 5.94 6.15
Kansas .............: 4.07 5.23 5.55
Michigan ...........: 5.26 5.70 5.76
Minnesota ..........: 4.64 4.82 5.15
:
Missouri ...........: 5.39 6.58 6.89
Montana ............: 4.75 5.17 5.24
Nebraska ...........: 3.92 5.18 5.40
North Carolina .....: 5.52 5.70 6.09
North Dakota .......: 4.50 5.09 5.19
Ohio ...............: 5.53 5.70 5.69
Oklahoma ...........: 4.28 5.18 5.37
Oregon .............: 5.83 6.06 6.44
South Dakota .......: 4.72 4.93 5.13
Texas ..............: 4.52 5.28 (D)
Washington .........: 5.51 5.47 5.62
:
United States ......: 4.64 5.24 5.43
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
Arkansas ...........: (S) (S) (D)
California .........: (D) (D) (D)
Colorado ...........: 3.98 4.98 5.21
Idaho ..............: 4.96 5.07 5.18
Illinois ...........: 5.63 (D) 5.51
Indiana ............: 5.26 5.94 6.15
Kansas .............: 4.07 5.23 5.55
Michigan ...........: 5.26 5.70 5.76
Missouri ...........: 5.39 6.58 6.89
Montana ............: 4.54 5.22 5.24
:
Nebraska ...........: 3.92 5.18 5.40
North Carolina .....: 5.52 5.70 6.09
North Dakota .......: 3.09 4.09 4.81
Ohio ...............: 5.53 5.70 5.69
Oklahoma ...........: 4.28 5.18 5.37
Oregon .............: 5.83 6.06 6.43
South Dakota .......: 4.51 4.98 5.08
Texas ..............: 4.52 5.28 (D)
Washington .........: 5.41 5.46 5.61
:
United States ......: 4.58 5.34 5.57
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
Arizona ............: (D) (D) (S)
California .........: (S) (D) (D)
Idaho ..............: (S) (D) (D)
Montana ............: (D) (D) (D)
North Dakota .......: 4.06 5.89 5.94
:
United States ......: 4.44 5.82 5.87
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
Idaho ..............: 5.15 5.10 5.18
Minnesota ..........: 4.64 4.82 5.15
Montana ............: 5.01 5.05 5.16
North Dakota .......: 4.58 4.96 5.11
South Dakota .......: 4.84 4.83 5.18
Washington .........: 6.01 5.55 5.71
:
United States ......: 4.79 5.02 5.18
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
Illinois ...........: (S) (S) (S)
Iowa ...............: 3.70 (D) 3.42
Michigan ...........: (S) 3.38 2.78
Minnesota ..........: 2.37 2.60 2.48
Montana ............: (S) (S) (S)
Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D)
New York ...........: (D) (S) (S)
North Dakota .......: 2.56 2.35 2.47
Oregon .............: (S) (S) (S)
Pennsylvania .......: 4.68 (D) (D)
South Dakota .......: 2.72 2.57 2.80
Texas ..............: (S) (S) (S)
Wisconsin ..........: 2.87 2.37 2.78
:
United States ......: 3.02 3.02 2.69
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
California .........: (D) (D) (D)
Colorado ...........: (D) 5.11 4.75
Idaho ..............: 5.05 4.94 4.85
Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D)
Montana ............: 4.26 4.52 4.35
North Dakota .......: 4.20 4.61 4.85
Washington .........: 4.99 5.06 5.14
Wyoming ............: (D) (D) (D)
:
United States ......: 4.51 4.78 4.79
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
California .........: (D) (S) (D)
Colorado ...........: 4.81 5.11 4.75
Idaho ..............: 5.16 5.05 4.86
Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D)
Montana ............: 4.44 4.74 4.47
North Dakota .......: 4.66 4.98 4.92
Washington .........: (D) (D) (D)
Wyoming ............: (D) (D) (D)
:
United States ......: 4.81 5.00 4.86
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
California .........: (S) (D) (S)
Colorado ...........: (D) (S) (S)
Idaho ..............: 3.39 3.46 2.93
Minnesota ..........: (S) (S) (S)
Montana ............: 2.89 2.62 2.73
North Dakota .......: 3.49 3.33 3.10
Washington .........: 2.98 3.13 3.15
Wyoming ............: (D) (S) (S)
:
United States ......: 3.32 3.32 3.01
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
Colorado ...............: 3.79 4.04 4.16
Illinois ...............: 3.73 3.75 3.86
Indiana ................: 4.00 3.82 4.06
Iowa ...................: 3.70 3.82 4.05
Kansas .................: 3.57 3.99 4.17
Kentucky ...............: 4.07 4.19 4.08
Michigan ...............: 3.85 3.76 4.08
Minnesota ..............: 3.51 3.58 3.73
Missouri ...............: 3.86 3.81 4.00
Nebraska ...............: 3.67 3.76 3.92
:
North Carolina .........: 4.63 4.63 5.19
North Dakota ...........: 3.27 3.56 3.73
Ohio ...................: 4.13 3.91 4.11
Pennsylvania ...........: 4.31 4.60 4.88
South Dakota ...........: 3.56 3.54 3.76
Tennessee ..............: 4.11 4.31 4.30
Texas ..................: 4.26 4.25 4.58
Wisconsin ..............: 3.56 3.57 3.80
:
United States ..........: 3.71 3.79 3.97
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per cwt
:
Kansas .............: 5.52 8.60 9.18
Nebraska ...........: 5.58 7.91 8.47
Oklahoma ...........: 5.93 9.11 9.74
Texas ..............: 6.47 8.81 8.34
:
United States ......: 5.64 8.61 8.95
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
Arkansas ...........: 8.90 10.30 10.70
Illinois ...........: 9.09 10.10 10.20
Indiana ............: 9.17 10.30 10.80
Iowa ...............: 8.69 10.30 10.90
Kansas .............: 8.30 10.40 10.90
Kentucky ...........: 9.11 10.20 10.30
Louisiana ..........: 8.89 10.40 10.20
Michigan ...........: 8.95 10.80 11.30
Minnesota ..........: 8.40 9.91 10.40
Mississippi ........: 8.93 10.00 10.10
:
Missouri ...........: 8.87 10.30 10.50
Nebraska ...........: 8.35 10.10 10.50
North Carolina .....: 8.79 10.30 11.10
North Dakota .......: 7.96 9.68 9.92
Ohio ...............: 9.35 10.70 11.30
South Dakota .......: 8.43 9.78 10.00
Tennessee ..........: 9.06 10.60 10.80
Wisconsin ..........: 8.48 10.40 11.10
:
United States ......: 8.70 10.30 10.50
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per cwt
:
California .........: (D) 63.90 (D)
Colorado ...........: 41.20 (D) (D)
Idaho ..............: (D) (D) (D)
Michigan ...........: 32.20 27.80 33.20
Minnesota ..........: (D) 32.30 35.60
Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D)
North Dakota .......: 31.50 26.70 27.90
:
United States ......: 33.50 29.70 31.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per cwt
:
Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D)
Montana ............: 14.10 16.90 15.80
North Dakota .......: 14.70 18.20 17.20
Oklahoma ...........: (S) (S) (S)
:
United States ......: 14.70 18.10 17.20
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per bushel
:
North Dakota .......: 8.91 10.70 10.90
:
United States ......: 8.91 10.70 10.90
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States:
December 2020 with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per pound
:
Alabama ............: 0.153 0.196 0.208
Arkansas ...........: 0.081 0.195 0.191
Florida ............: 0.199 0.213 0.203
Georgia ............: 0.192 0.200 0.201
Mississippi ........: 0.064 0.195 0.063
New Mexico .........: (S) 0.573 (S)
North Carolina .....: 0.239 0.215 0.206
Oklahoma ...........: 0.260 0.235 0.226
South Carolina .....: 0.150 0.209 0.210
Texas ..............: 0.254 0.288 0.234
Virginia ...........: (S) 0.218 0.216
:
United States ......: 0.196 0.212 0.204
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per cwt
:
Kansas .............: (D) 22.90 21.40
Minnesota ..........: 18.70 (D) 21.00
North Dakota .......: 18.70 19.10 20.50
South Dakota .......: 16.80 17.10 17.40
:
United States ......: 17.80 18.90 19.20
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
[Cottonseed marketing year August - February]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Cotton, Upland : Cottonseed
State :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: December : November : December : December : November : December
: 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: -------- dollars per pound -------- --------- dollars per ton ---------
:
Alabama ............: 0.611 0.608 0.628 115.00 141.00 136.00
Arizona ............: (D) (D) (D) 263.00 245.00 300.00
Arkansas ...........: 0.613 0.660 0.678 180.00 202.00 (NA)
California .........: (D) (S) (D) 295.00 340.00 354.00
Georgia ............: 0.647 0.697 0.698 115.00 151.00 153.00
Louisiana ..........: 0.706 0.637 0.656 180.00 175.00 (NA)
Mississippi ........: 0.610 0.623 0.616 160.00 228.00 (NA)
North Carolina .....: 0.632 0.651 0.670 138.00 192.00 194.00
Tennessee ..........: 0.626 (D) 0.696 155.00 251.00 265.00
Texas ..............: 0.601 0.618 0.629 172.00 197.00 200.00
:
United States ......: 0.616 0.634 0.656 163.00 199.00 195.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
(NA) Not available.
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Item : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
:
Cotton, Upland :
Average price ......dollars/pound: 0.616 0.634 0.656
Marketings 1/ ........1,000 bales: 2,355 2,198 2,925
:
Rice, all :
Average price ........dollars/cwt: 12.80 13.40 13.50
Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 17,379 14,925 20,834
:
Rice, long :
Average price ........dollars/cwt: 11.70 12.10 12.30
Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 14,331 10,755 16,135
:
Rice, medium and short :
California :
Average price ........dollars/cwt: 21.50 18.20 19.70
:
Other States 3/ :
Average price ........dollars/cwt: 11.70 12.60 12.90
:
United States :
Average price ........dollars/cwt: 17.90 16.60 17.90
Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 3,048 4,170 4,699
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama,
Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee,
and Texas.
2/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives.
3/ Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas.
Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: All hay : Alfalfa hay : Other hay
State :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: December : November : December : December : November : December : December : November : December
: 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per ton
:
Arizona ..............: 191.00 180.00 180.00 190.00 180.00 180.00 200.00 185.00 190.00
California ...........: 189.00 180.00 176.00 200.00 190.00 185.00 150.00 145.00 145.00
Colorado .............: 228.00 191.00 206.00 230.00 190.00 205.00 220.00 205.00 215.00
Idaho ................: 154.00 162.00 163.00 155.00 165.00 165.00 140.00 135.00 140.00
Illinois .............: 166.00 155.00 148.00 185.00 170.00 165.00 130.00 115.00 110.00
Iowa .................: 139.00 118.00 110.00 149.00 122.00 122.00 117.00 100.00 93.00
Kansas ...............: 126.00 127.00 133.00 138.00 144.00 154.00 99.00 94.00 95.00
Kentucky .............: 143.00 155.00 157.00 205.00 215.00 215.00 125.00 140.00 140.00
Michigan .............: 168.00 170.00 176.00 190.00 185.00 190.00 130.00 145.00 150.00
Minnesota ............: 158.00 110.00 115.00 170.00 131.00 134.00 119.00 88.00 80.00
:
Missouri .............: 122.00 112.00 111.00 155.00 155.00 155.00 115.00 100.00 100.00
Montana ..............: 145.00 128.00 129.00 145.00 130.00 130.00 145.00 115.00 125.00
Nebraska .............: 108.00 100.00 105.00 114.00 107.00 118.00 94.00 82.00 76.00
Nevada ...............: 180.00 185.00 180.00 180.00 185.00 180.00 170.00 180.00 175.00
New Mexico ...........: 216.00 216.00 216.00 220.00 225.00 225.00 190.00 170.00 170.00
New York .............: 167.00 171.00 170.00 200.00 195.00 200.00 165.00 165.00 160.00
North Dakota .........: 84.00 79.00 83.00 87.00 80.00 87.00 66.00 68.00 64.00
Ohio .................: 179.00 165.00 171.00 220.00 200.00 200.00 150.00 140.00 150.00
Oklahoma .............: 90.00 121.00 104.00 165.00 171.00 185.00 87.00 111.00 99.00
Oregon ...............: 200.00 198.00 188.00 200.00 210.00 205.00 200.00 175.00 160.00
:
Pennsylvania .........: 188.00 199.00 201.00 228.00 250.00 265.00 182.00 185.00 185.00
South Dakota .........: 108.00 105.00 98.00 114.00 117.00 110.00 92.00 82.00 78.00
Texas ................: 136.00 151.00 152.00 202.00 204.00 214.00 128.00 142.00 144.00
Utah .................: 189.00 194.00 189.00 190.00 195.00 190.00 150.00 125.00 130.00
Washington ...........: 189.00 190.00 177.00 195.00 190.00 180.00 175.00 190.00 170.00
Wisconsin ............: 229.00 186.00 167.00 242.00 196.00 178.00 186.00 147.00 124.00
Wyoming ..............: 173.00 170.00 174.00 180.00 170.00 175.00 150.00 170.00 170.00
:
United States ........: 158.00 156.00 155.00 172.00 167.00 169.00 136.00 136.00 134.00
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total:
December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per ton
:
California .........: 230.00 220.00 220.00
Idaho ..............: 165.00 180.00 185.00
Michigan ...........: 200.00 215.00 215.00
Minnesota ..........: 251.00 189.00 182.00
New York ...........: 235.00 239.00 257.00
Pennsylvania .......: 280.00 270.00 335.00
Texas ..............: 225.00 219.00 225.00
Wisconsin ..........: 275.00 209.00 229.00
:
5-State Total 1/ 2/ : 200.00 200.00 203.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ 5-State total represents a weighted (hay purchases) average price for the
five largest milk producing States (based on the pounds of milk produced
during the previous month).
2/ For December 2019, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and
Wisconsin. For November 2020, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas,
and Wisconsin. For December 2020, includes California, Idaho, New York,
Texas, and Wisconsin.
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: December 2019
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : Equivalent returns
Commodity : FOB :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree
: fresh :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per box
:
Grapefruit ..........................: 32.60 15.17 22.20 4.52 12.81 19.91 2.06
:
Lemons ..............................: 45.80 28.91 35.42 (D) 22.43 28.64 (D)
:
Oranges .............................: 30.10 13.30 19.63 10.77 10.20 16.75 7.59
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: November 2020
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : Equivalent returns
Commodity : FOB :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree
: fresh :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per box
:
Grapefruit ..........................: 40.60 23.96 29.20 6.62 21.38 26.73 3.68
:
Lemons ..............................: 47.60 32.17 36.96 (D) 25.45 30.04 (D)
:
Oranges .............................: 37.90 21.78 27.08 3.19 18.83 24.16 0.14
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: December 2020
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : Equivalent returns
Commodity : FOB :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree
: fresh :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per box
:
Grapefruit ..........................: 38.30 19.72 27.27 6.43 17.22 24.89 3.69
:
Lemons ..............................: 46.80 29.85 36.12 (D) 23.20 29.20 (D)
:
Oranges .............................: 35.10 14.03 24.37 9.58 11.03 21.47 6.54
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: December 2020 with Comparisons
[Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes
hauling subsidies]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: December 2019 : November 2020 : December 2020
State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Price :Fat test : Price :Fat test : Price : Fat test
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
:dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent
:
Arizona ............: 19.70 3.91 16.70 3.81 16.90 3.92
California .........: 19.80 3.98 23.00 4.01 19.20 4.05
Colorado ...........: 20.60 3.96 17.80 3.99 19.00 4.00
Florida ............: 23.80 3.74 22.20 3.74 23.70 3.76
Georgia ............: 21.90 3.83 21.00 3.75 22.50 3.79
Idaho ..............: 20.30 4.18 21.20 4.29 17.70 4.31
Illinois ...........: 21.20 4.10 20.70 4.07 17.70 4.13
Indiana ............: 20.40 3.97 19.40 4.07 19.20 4.07
Iowa ...............: 22.40 4.10 23.30 4.21 18.40 4.22
Kansas .............: 19.50 4.12 19.60 4.12 16.70 4.20
:
Michigan ...........: 19.40 3.96 18.50 3.98 17.80 4.00
Minnesota ..........: 22.10 4.19 24.00 4.28 18.70 4.31
New Mexico .........: 19.30 4.00 19.10 3.92 16.30 3.99
New York ...........: 20.50 4.02 20.00 4.05 18.30 4.08
Ohio ...............: 21.00 4.07 20.00 4.02 19.90 4.04
Oregon .............: 23.60 4.19 25.90 4.27 19.70 4.27
Pennsylvania .......: 21.10 4.02 20.20 4.05 18.80 4.08
South Dakota .......: 22.70 4.39 24.90 4.50 19.40 4.51
Texas ..............: 21.30 4.36 21.00 4.33 18.00 4.38
Utah ...............: 21.30 4.13 21.40 4.11 18.90 4.14
:
Vermont ............: 20.80 4.01 20.50 4.08 19.00 4.09
Virginia ...........: 21.60 4.00 21.10 3.96 22.00 4.01
Washington .........: 20.50 4.19 19.80 4.27 17.80 4.27
Wisconsin ..........: 21.40 4.00 22.70 4.06 18.10 4.10
:
United States ......: 20.70 4.06 21.30 4.09 18.50 4.13
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2021
with Comparisons
[Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow
prices are based on revised milk cow inventory]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : January 2020 : October 2020 : January 2021
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per head
:
Arizona ............: 1,450 1,450 1,500
California .........: 1,400 1,350 1,350
Colorado ...........: 1,300 1,350 1,300
Florida ............: 1,350 1,440 1,400
Georgia ............: 1,310 1,300 1,280
Idaho ..............: 1,350 1,350 1,350
Illinois ...........: 1,260 1,310 1,290
Indiana ............: 1,220 1,260 1,350
Iowa ...............: 1,200 1,290 1,310
Kansas .............: 1,400 1,420 1,400
:
Michigan ...........: 1,260 1,360 1,400
Minnesota ..........: 1,140 1,240 1,260
New Mexico .........: 1,400 1,400 1,400
New York ...........: 1,190 1,240 1,300
Ohio ...............: 1,200 1,220 1,230
Oregon .............: 1,300 1,300 1,300
Pennsylvania .......: 1,210 1,270 1,250
South Dakota .......: 1,280 1,300 1,350
Texas ..............: 1,400 1,400 1,400
Utah ...............: 1,250 1,250 1,200
:
Vermont ............: 1,290 1,270 1,350
Virginia ...........: 1,160 1,270 1,180
Washington .........: 1,250 1,350 1,350
Wisconsin ..........: 1,260 1,420 1,470
:
United States ......: 1,300 1,340 1,360
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parity Price Overview
Parity prices, based on data from January 2020, and adjusted base price data
from which parity prices are computed are presented in the tables on the
following pages. Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title
III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as
amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956.
The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the
amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows:
a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for
the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 2020, the 10-average includes the
years 2010-2019). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental
payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency
payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which
applicable.
b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices
Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to
include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price
support operations, to give an "adjusted base price".
c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by
the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, including
Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-1914=100).
Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the
local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity
prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as
sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified.
Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered
separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The
Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for
certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under
present legislation, United States parity prices, with appropriate
adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act.
Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: December 2020
with Comparisons
[Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the
Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956.
See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price
computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and
milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : Parity price : Price as percent
:Adjusted : : : of parity
Commodity and unit : base :-----------------------------------------------------------
: price :December :November :December :December :November :December
: : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ------------- dollars ------------- ------- percent ------
:
Basic commodities :
All wheat ............bushel: 0.558 17.10 16.90 17.00 27 31 32
Rice ....................cwt: 1.30 40.10 39.40 39.70 32 34 34
Corn .................bushel: 0.433 13.10 13.10 13.20 28 29 30
Cotton :
Upland ..............pound: 0.070 2.06 2.12 2.14 30 30 31
American Pima .......pound: 0.135 4.19 4.09 4.12 27 26 26
Peanuts ...............pound: 0.023 0.688 0.696 0.702 28 30 29
Small chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.40 72.40 72.70 73.20 18 22 29
Large chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 3.11 97.50 94.20 94.90 18 22 20
Lentils 1/ ..............cwt: 2.39 76.30 72.40 72.90 19 25 25
:
Designated non-basic :
All milk, to plants 2/ ..cwt: 1.79 52.60 54.20 54.60 38 36 33
Honey, extracted 3/ ...pound: 0.191 5.56 5.78 5.83 35 34 34
:
Wool and mohair :
Wool ..................pound: 0.148 4.19 4.48 4.51 42 42 42
Mohair ................pound: 0.457 12.70 13.80 13.90 41 46 46
:
Other non-basic :
Apples, fresh 4/ ......pound: 0.036 1.050 1.090 1.100 32 64 64
Barley ...............bushel: 0.495 15.00 15.00 15.10 30 32 32
Canola ..................cwt: 1.81 55.90 54.80 55.20 26 33 31
Cottonseed ..............ton: 19.30 583.00 584.00 589.00 28 34 33
Dry edible beans ........cwt: 3.10 95.40 93.90 94.60 35 32 33
Flaxseed .............bushel: 1.09 32.60 33.00 33.20 27 32 33
Oats .................bushel: 0.290 8.61 8.78 8.85 35 34 30
Potatoes, fresh .........cwt: 1.06 32.00 32.10 32.30 43 34 32
Sorghum grain ...........cwt: 0.735 22.20 22.30 22.40 25 39 40
Soybeans .............bushel: 1.06 32.60 32.10 32.30 27 32 33
Sunflower, all ..........cwt: 2.07 62.80 62.70 63.10 28 30 30
:
Citrus (equivalent on-tree) :
Grapefruit ..............box: 0.905 25.00 27.40 27.60 51 78 62
Lemons ..................box: 1.98 55.90 60.00 60.40 40 42 38
Oranges .................box: 1.050 30.20 31.80 32.00 34 59 34
:
Livestock and poultry :
Beef cattle .............cwt: 11.90 350.00 360.00 363.00 34 30 30
Broilers ..............pound: 0.052 1.56 1.57 1.59 29 25 28
Calves ..................cwt: 17.30 508.00 524.00 528.00 31 31 31
Eggs 2/ ...............dozen: 0.101 3.05 3.06 3.08 27 25 21
Hogs ....................cwt: 5.71 170.00 173.00 174.00 28 30 28
Turkeys, live .........pound: 0.066 1.970 2.000 2.010 32 37 36
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Parity prices began January 2015.
2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price.
3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by
production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices.
4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at
point of first sale for other states.
Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons
[Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the
Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956.
See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity
price computations]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : Parity price
: Adjusted : : :
Commodity and unit : base :-----------------------------------------
: price : December : November : December
: : 2019 : 2020 : 2020
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars
:
Field crops and miscellaneous :
Hops ..............................pound: 0.422 12.10 12.80 12.90
Mustard seed ........................cwt: 3.07 94.20 93.00 93.60
Rapeseed ............................cwt: 2.55 79.00 77.20 77.80
Rye ..............................bushel: 0.631 18.80 19.10 19.20
Safflower ...........................cwt: 2.19 65.50 66.30 66.80
Spearmint oil .....................pound: 1.74 52.30 52.70 53.10
Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 2.01 61.60 60.90 61.30
:
Tobacco :
Flue-cured, 11-14 ...............pound: 0.185 5.59 5.60 5.64
Fire-cured, 21-23 ...............pound: 0.256 7.69 7.75 7.81
Burley, 31 ......................pound: 0.183 5.50 5.54 5.58
Maryland, 32 ....................pound: 0.174 5.17 5.27 5.31
Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...........pound: 0.228 6.85 6.90 6.95
Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .......pound: 0.214 6.01 6.48 6.53
:
Non-citrus fruit :
Apples, processing 1/ 2/ ............ton: 20.80 607.00 630.00 634.00
Apricots, fresh 3/ ..................ton: 127.00 3,830.00 3,850.00 3,870.00
Avocados 2/ 3/ ......................ton: 194.00 5,920.00 5,870.00 5,920.00
Cherries :
Sweet .............................ton: 212.00 6,280.00 6,420.00 6,470.00
Tart 2/ .........................pound: 0.029 0.897 0.878 0.885
Cranberry 2/ 4/ ..................barrel: 3.38 106.00 102.00 103.00
Dates (California) 3/ ...............ton: 206.00 5,500.00 6,240.00 6,280.00
:
Grapes (California) :
Wine, processing ..................ton: 78.50 2,270.00 2,380.00 2,390.00
Kiwifruit 2/ ........................ton: 117.00 3,140.00 3,540.00 3,570.00
Nectarines, fresh (California) 3/ ...ton: 81.10 2,350.00 2,460.00 2,470.00
Olives, canning (California) 4/ .....ton: 112.00 3,320.00 3,390.00 3,420.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons (continued)
[Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of
the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and
1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity
price computations]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: : Parity price
:Adjusted : : :
Commodity and unit : base :--------------------------------------------
: price : December : November : December
: : 2019 : 2020 : 2020
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars
:
Non-citrus fruit - continued :
Papayas (Hawaii) .................pound: 0.042 1.35 1.27 1.28
Peaches, fresh 4/ 6/ ...............ton: 106.00 3,080.00 3,210.00 3,230.00
Pears, fresh 6/ ....................ton: 63.00 1,910.00 1,910.00 1,920.00
Plums (California) equivalent on-tree .: 80.40 2,230.00 2,430.00 2,450.00
Fresh 7/ .........................ton: 176.00 5,320.00 5,330.00 5,370.00
Strawberries :
Fresh 10/ ......................pound: 10.20 294.00 309.00 311.00
Processing .....................pound: 3.91 112.00 118.00 119.00
:
Sugar crops :
Sugarbeets 2/ 8/ .................ton: 4.91 153.00 149.00 150.00
Sugarcane 2/ 8/ ..................ton: 3.49 105.00 106.00 106.00
:
Tree nuts 9/ :
Almonds ..........................pound: 0.258 7.57 7.81 7.87
Hazelnuts ..........................ton: 237.00 7,090.00 7,180.00 7,230.00
Pistachios .......................pound: 0.250 7.30 7.57 7.63
Walnuts ............................ton: 237.00 7,060.00 7,180.00 7,230.00
:
Vegetables, fresh 10/ :
Carrots 11/ ........................cwt: 2.64 84.30 79.90 80.50
Cauliflower 11/ ....................cwt: 4.62 139.00 140.00 141.00
Celery 11/ .........................cwt: 2.13 61.30 64.50 65.00
Honeydew melons ....................cwt: 2.07 75.40 62.70 63.10
Lettuce ............................cwt: 2.74 75.40 83.00 83.60
Onions 11/ .........................cwt: 1.44 42.20 43.60 43.90
Tomatoes ...........................cwt: 4.05 120.00 123.00 124.00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door.
2/ Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year
average price is not yet available.
3/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door.
4/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point.
5/ Dried basis.
6/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except
peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states.
7/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states.
8/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts
of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included.
9/ Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis.
10/ FOB shipping point price.
11/ Includes some processing.
Marketing Year for Specified Commodities
Rice:
United States .................................................................................................... August 1 to July 31
Louisiana and Texas .............................................................................................. July 1 to June 30
Arkansas and Mississippi ..................................................................................... August 1 to July 31
California ................................................................................................October 1 to September 30
Missouri ................................................................................................. September 1 to August 31
Rice Market Year Average Prices Received by All and Length of Grain - States and
United States: Marketing Years 2017 through 2019
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
State : 2017 : 2018 : 2019
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per cwt
:
All rice :
Arkansas ..............: 11.10 10.70 11.90
California ............: 20.30 21.30 21.80
Louisiana .............: 11.70 11.20 11.80
Mississippi ...........: 11.50 10.80 11.90
Missouri ..............: 12.00 10.70 12.10
Texas .................: 11.90 12.50 12.80
:
United States 1/ ......: 12.90 12.60 13.60
:
Long grain :
United States 1/ ......: 11.50 10.80 12.00
:
Medium and short grain :
California ............: 20.10 21.10 21.60
Other States 1/ .......: 11.70 12.30 11.60
:
United States 1/ ......: 17.00 18.50 18.20
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Based on state prices weighted by marketings for August through July.
All Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years
2018-2019 through 2020-2021
[Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States
marketing year of August through July]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Prices received : Farm marketings 1/
Month :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2018-2019 :2019-2020 2/:2020-2021 2/: 2018-2019 :2019-2020 2/:2020-2021 2/
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ------- dollars per cwt ------- ----------- 1,000 cwt -----------
:
August ....: 14.30 12.80 15.80 4,421 10,188 5,768
September .: 12.40 12.30 13.70 8,173 9,309 8,281
October ...: 12.40 12.80 13.10 14,466 15,100 16,110
November ..: 13.00 13.50 13.40 13,525 11,761 14,925
December ..: 12.70 12.80 13.50 17,045 17,379 20,834
January 3/ : 13.50 14.10 20,261 20,295
February ..: 12.40 13.70 12,434 12,443
March .....: 11.90 13.80 16,003 14,054
April .....: 12.00 14.10 15,419 9,973
May .......: 11.90 14.50 14,402 8,134
June ......: 12.20 14.90 12,634 7,584
July ......: 12.90 14.70 11,870 6,658
:
MYA .......: 12.60 13.60 160,653 142,878
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent)
shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills.
2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2019 -
November 2020. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in
the January 2022 "Agricultural Prices" report.
3/ Second year.
Long Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2018-2019
through 2020-2021
[Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of
August through July]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Prices received : Farm marketings 1/
Month :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 2/ : 2020-2021 2/ : 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 2/ : 2020-2021 2/
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---------- dollars per cwt ---------- -------------- 1,000 cwt -------------
:
August ....: 11.90 10.90 13.60 2,993 7,905 3,415
September .: 11.30 11.20 12.60 6,769 7,843 6,534
October ...: 10.90 11.40 12.20 11,545 11,758 13,026
November ..: 10.90 11.60 12.10 9,506 8,599 10,755
December ..: 10.80 11.70 12.30 12,610 14,331 16,135
January 3/ : 10.90 12.00 14,015 14,765
February ..: 10.80 12.50 9,885 9,684
March .....: 10.70 12.60 13,240 10,541
April .....: 10.50 12.90 12,218 7,292
May .......: 10.50 12.90 11,869 5,541
June ......: 10.70 13.40 10,120 5,311
July ......: 10.70 13.20 8,829 4,115
:
MYA .......: 10.80 12.00 123,599 107,685
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from
producers as reported by cooperative mills.
2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2019 - November 2020. Final
monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2022 "Agricultural Prices"
report.
3/ Second year.
Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years
2018-2019 through 2020-2021
[Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of
August through July]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Prices received : Farm marketings 1/
Month :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 2/ : 2020-2021 2/ : 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 2/ : 2020-2021 2/
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ---------- dollars per cwt ---------- -------------- 1,000 cwt -------------
:
August ......: 19.50 19.40 18.90 1,428 2,283 2,353
September ...: 17.80 18.10 17.70 1,404 1,466 1,747
October .....: 18.20 17.80 17.20 2,921 3,342 3,084
November ....: 18.10 18.70 16.60 4,019 3,162 4,170
December ....: 18.10 17.90 17.90 4,435 3,048 4,699
January 3/ ..: 19.40 19.80 6,246 5,530
February ....: 18.50 17.90 2,549 2,759
March .......: 17.60 17.30 2,763 3,513
April .......: 17.30 17.40 3,201 2,681
May .........: 18.80 17.80 2,533 2,593
June ........: 18.30 18.40 2,514 2,273
July ........: 19.60 17.20 3,041 2,543
:
MYA .........: 18.50 18.20 37,054 35,193
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers
as reported by cooperative mills.
2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2019 - November 2020. Final
monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2022 "Agricultural Prices"
report.
3/ Second year.
Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received by Month - California and Other States: Marketing Years
2019-2020 through 2020-2021
[Marketing year for California: October - September. Marketing Year for Other States: August - July. Other
States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: California : Other States
Month :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 2019-2020 1/ : 2020-2021 1/ : 2019-2020 : 2020-2021 2/
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: ------ dollars per cwt ------ ------ dollars per cwt ------
:
August ......: 20.60 21.20 12.10 12.30
September ...: 21.20 21.80 12.20 12.30
October .....: 21.80 18.90 11.40 12.60
November ....: 22.10 18.20 11.50 12.60
December ....: 21.50 19.70 11.70 12.90
January 3/ ..: 21.90 11.60
February ....: 21.50 11.70
March .......: 20.80 11.80
April .......: 21.40 11.70
May .........: 22.20 11.70
June ........: 21.50 11.40
July ........: 21.60 11.40
August ......: 21.20 12.30
September ...: 21.80 12.30
:
MYA .........: 21.60 11.60
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Prices include late reports and revised data for October 2019 - November 2020.
2/ Prices include late reports and revised data for August 2020 - November 2020. Final monthly prices and MYA
price will be published in the October 2021 "Agricultural Prices" report.
3/ Second year.
Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2016-2020
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Agricultural production
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 89.4 93.2 93.2 93.2 94.8 93.7 90.6 89.7 86.4 80.6 83.4 88.1 90.2
2017 ..: 85.8 90.9 94.1 95.9 99.5 97.9 95.3 93.9 92.3 87.6 91.3 92.2 93.4
2018 ..: 86.2 91.0 95.1 93.0 94.7 95.0 91.6 89.6 88.4 85.2 88.4 90.1 90.5
2019 ..: 86.4 90.3 93.3 93.7 92.6 93.7 91.3 91.5 88.0 86.0 90.4 91.1 90.4
2020 ..: 89.0 90.7 92.6 82.1 84.5 88.1 86.7 87.5 89.3 89.2 93.1 91.4 90.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Crop production
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 80.8 85.7 83.9 87.5 91.1 88.7 84.9 84.9 84.1 79.5 80.7 81.5 85.5
2017 ..: 77.0 84.5 85.5 91.1 89.4 86.5 86.3 88.3 89.4 82.4 81.6 84.7 86.2
2018 ..: 78.6 86.5 88.0 88.6 89.0 90.1 86.7 89.5 88.0 80.1 84.1 87.6 86.1
2019 ..: 78.7 85.1 87.8 85.8 85.0 89.9 89.2 89.2 88.5 83.1 85.1 86.1 85.6
2020 ..: 82.6 86.6 87.4 86.3 86.8 89.5 88.6 91.1 94.2 88.4 92.3 91.8 91.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Grain and oilseed
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 66.0 64.7 64.3 65.5 67.9 67.8 62.6 60.8 61.9 65.6 62.5 63.8 64.0
2017 ..: 65.2 65.7 65.8 64.3 63.4 62.5 64.8 63.8 64.4 65.5 61.7 63.1 65.5
2018 ..: 64.8 66.4 68.4 69.6 69.5 67.8 65.7 65.4 65.0 64.8 62.3 64.6 65.4
2019 ..: 65.2 65.7 65.3 63.8 63.5 67.1 67.4 65.8 65.2 67.2 65.0 66.0 64.6
2020 ..: 67.4 67.2 66.1 62.5 60.9 60.6 61.4 61.8 66.1 70.4 71.6 74.5 70.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Food grain
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 73.8 70.2 68.2 68.0 68.9 60.4 53.3 54.0 55.7 59.5 62.5 60.9 59.3
2017 ..: 63.0 63.4 65.7 63.7 62.4 61.5 65.4 67.5 68.2 71.0 75.6 70.8 71.1
2018 ..: 74.1 75.3 76.8 79.2 79.7 72.9 69.8 75.2 73.6 75.9 78.3 76.9 74.2
2019 ..: 78.7 78.1 75.6 74.0 72.3 67.9 63.6 62.9 65.1 71.3 74.2 73.8 72.7
2020 ..: 77.8 78.6 79.3 79.6 79.1 68.7 65.1 68.1 72.8 76.4 80.4 81.1 73.9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Feed grain
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 61.4 60.4 60.1 59.7 61.6 64.3 60.8 56.1 54.6 55.1 54.1 55.6 56.8
2017 ..: 56.9 57.9 58.7 57.4 57.7 57.6 59.0 56.8 55.5 54.7 52.8 54.3 57.2
2018 ..: 55.2 56.9 58.9 59.9 61.4 60.2 58.7 58.2 57.6 57.2 57.0 59.2 61.2
2019 ..: 59.4 60.3 60.6 59.0 60.6 66.6 69.7 66.6 63.8 64.1 61.2 61.7 59.2
2020 ..: 63.1 63.1 61.6 55.1 53.6 53.2 54.7 54.1 57.8 60.8 64.0 67.2 62.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Oilseed
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 69.7 68.4 68.8 72.3 77.9 81.1 80.8 78.5 74.9 74.3 75.2 76.6 75.4
2017 ..: 77.4 78.5 77.3 74.7 74.3 72.8 75.4 74.3 75.2 73.5 73.6 74.4 75.3
2018 ..: 74.5 76.3 79.0 79.2 79.2 76.8 73.3 70.1 70.6 68.9 67.1 68.6 67.9
2019 ..: 69.4 68.9 68.6 66.9 65.2 67.5 67.8 67.1 67.0 68.9 68.7 69.6 68.6
2020 ..: 70.9 69.3 68.5 67.6 67.4 67.7 69.0 70.5 74.1 77.0 82.0 83.5 79.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Fruit and tree nut
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 134.6 135.7 127.3 125.0 123.6 127.5 132.4 126.5 126.8 128.8 133.0 124.4 137.8
2017 ..: 118.3 118.6 118.0 113.7 125.8 127.5 130.5 131.1 135.4 132.3 133.3 133.3 129.6
2018 ..: 135.8 138.5 127.4 123.3 112.7 132.7 130.4 127.2 130.1 129.1 129.0 124.7 130.1
2019 ..: 121.5 113.5 116.3 108.8 102.4 114.3 121.9 124.2 128.8 128.0 128.0 124.2 124.1
2020 ..: 118.3 130.6 128.6 122.6 122.4 136.0 147.1 147.3 148.9 151.6 152.5 143.6 142.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average -
United States: 2016-2020 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Vegetables & melons
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 134.2 104.2 97.2 98.7 113.1 108.0 104.3 88.8 89.7 88.8 95.5 95.5 103.9
2017 ..: 98.6 116.3 122.5 156.7 110.8 106.9 101.1 94.2 104.1 117.1 106.0 113.7 111.8
2018 ..: 101.8 96.7 117.5 95.1 104.3 99.6 88.5 93.3 91.0 97.8 143.7 153.0 107.7
2019 ..: 117.1 122.4 144.6 113.4 104.8 127.7 121.0 100.7 98.5 123.3 144.4 133.8 121.8
2020 ..: 186.7 108.9 126.1 109.7 107.6 131.5 116.8 98.8 121.6 132.3 149.1 112.6 124.6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Other crop
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 76.7 75.1 74.9 76.6 77.9 79.5 81.3 82.1 82.0 79.7 78.2 79.2 80.1
2017 ..: 77.6 75.4 76.3 78.6 80.6 82.6 84.2 83.2 86.8 84.7 81.8 83.5 83.3
2018 ..: 83.0 79.8 80.8 82.8 87.2 91.6 92.7 92.6 96.3 91.9 89.3 90.5 90.3
2019 ..: 84.9 85.0 86.3 88.1 91.0 93.7 92.9 86.8 94.1 87.3 82.2 83.2 84.0
2020 ..: 80.6 80.4 79.4 78.4 82.3 87.8 88.8 88.2 93.5 87.5 84.0 85.2 85.6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Food commodity
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 96.6 98.4 98.1 97.2 99.1 97.6 94.4 93.5 89.8 84.2 89.1 93.8 95.3
2017 ..: 93.1 96.0 99.7 101.0 105.5 103.9 100.6 98.7 97.0 93.4 100.5 99.5 99.5
2018 ..: 92.8 95.3 100.0 96.2 98.1 98.8 94.9 92.0 90.8 88.9 94.2 94.4 94.1
2019 ..: 92.9 94.3 98.0 97.7 96.1 96.7 93.4 94.1 89.9 89.3 97.4 96.9 95.4
2020 ..: 96.5 95.1 97.9 84.3 87.7 92.3 90.3 91.0 92.9 94.6 101.1 96.3 94.7
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Livestock production
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 99.6 99.0 99.8 97.2 97.4 97.7 96.0 93.7 88.4 82.1 86.2 94.5 94.4
2017 ..: 96.5 95.9 100.5 99.5 106.7 107.1 103.9 98.5 94.9 94.2 101.8 99.6 100.1
2018 ..: 94.7 94.2 99.8 95.7 98.3 98.5 95.6 89.7 88.7 91.4 92.7 92.3 94.2
2019 ..: 97.8 95.2 98.1 100.5 99.1 97.3 93.7 93.7 87.3 90.6 97.1 97.1 95.7
2020 ..: 98.5 94.7 97.4 78.4 82.6 86.7 84.5 83.9 84.1 90.6 94.2 90.9 89.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Meat animal
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 102.8 106.1 108.6 105.7 106.0 104.8 100.2 97.2 88.9 82.4 83.6 88.4 97.9
2017 ..: 96.0 99.2 103.0 103.9 111.4 110.8 104.0 98.8 90.0 93.0 99.7 97.2 100.5
2018 ..: 99.3 103.4 101.8 96.3 99.2 96.1 94.5 90.5 88.7 93.1 93.1 93.1 95.8
2019 ..: 96.7 97.6 100.7 104.9 102.0 97.2 94.9 94.9 86.0 89.7 92.9 94.7 96.1
2020 ..: 98.5 96.5 92.8 87.5 91.4 88.0 79.9 85.2 87.8 91.8 91.1 89.8 90.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Cattle
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 115.2 116.4 119.3 115.1 111.9 108.8 103.4 102.1 94.3 88.7 91.8 97.3 105.3
2017 ..: 102.2 103.7 109.0 111.7 118.4 114.8 104.7 100.1 94.0 98.5 106.2 104.4 105.5
2018 ..: 105.7 109.8 109.7 104.6 105.0 98.0 96.2 96.5 95.7 98.4 100.4 102.8 101.8
2019 ..: 106.2 107.8 110.3 109.7 104.3 99.4 97.6 96.7 90.4 94.7 99.7 103.3 101.6
2020 ..: 107.0 105.2 99.3 94.8 95.4 95.3 85.4 90.5 91.8 94.1 95.3 95.6 95.8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Hog
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 65.6 74.6 75.2 76.7 86.0 91.1 89.3 79.1 71.9 62.7 58.6 64.8 74.6
2017 ..: 72.3 81.8 79.7 72.8 80.6 93.4 101.2 92.5 73.5 71.1 75.2 73.1 80.6
2018 ..: 78.9 82.1 75.2 68.1 77.4 88.9 88.1 66.6 65.0 75.6 69.5 65.3 75.1
2019 ..: 67.1 65.3 69.9 89.3 93.7 89.5 85.1 88.0 71.7 73.8 72.2 71.1 78.1
2020 ..: 71.9 68.4 71.7 63.6 76.7 62.1 60.0 64.5 74.7 84.7 78.0 73.8 70.9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average -
United States: 2016-2020 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Dairy
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 80.1 78.1 76.1 75.1 72.1 73.6 80.1 85.6 86.6 83.1 88.6 94.0 81.1
2017 ..: 94.0 91.5 86.1 82.1 83.1 86.1 85.6 90.0 89.1 90.0 90.5 85.6 87.8
2018 ..: 80.6 76.1 77.6 78.6 80.6 81.1 77.1 80.1 84.1 87.1 85.6 82.6 80.9
2019 ..: 82.6 83.6 87.6 88.1 89.6 90.0 93.0 94.0 96.0 99.5 105.0 103.0 92.7
2020 ..: 97.5 94.0 89.6 71.6 67.7 90.0 102.0 93.5 89.1 100.5 106.0 92.0 91.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Poultry
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 112.8 104.8 104.9 102.8 107.0 109.1 102.7 92.7 89.0 79.9 90.5 110.3 100.4
2017 ..: 99.4 92.2 106.4 104.2 116.0 116.3 116.5 103.7 109.4 99.6 114.6 114.5 108.1
2018 ..: 111.2 112.0 140.2 129.2 131.5 137.1 130.0 104.1 96.6 95.5 105.0 108.4 115.9
2019 ..: 112.2 100.6 102.4 103.5 102.6 104.1 92.0 91.2 82.8 85.6 99.0 96.7 97.6
2020 ..: 99.3 91.9 112.2 67.3 79.3 81.5 79.6 74.7 73.7 81.4 91.2 92.0 85.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Weighted index using monthly commodity market shares.
Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2016-2020
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Agricultural production
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 923 961 962 962 979 967 935 926 892 832 861 910 931
2017 ..: 885 938 971 990 1026 1010 983 968 952 904 942 951 964
2018 ..: 889 939 982 959 977 981 945 925 912 879 913 930 934
2019 ..: 892 932 963 967 956 967 943 944 908 888 932 941 933
2020 ..: 918 936 956 847 872 909 894 903 922 921 961 943 931
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Crop production
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 705 747 732 763 794 773 741 740 734 693 704 711 746
2017 ..: 671 737 745 795 780 755 752 770 780 719 712 739 752
2018 ..: 685 754 767 773 776 785 756 781 767 699 734 764 751
2019 ..: 686 742 765 748 741 784 778 778 772 725 742 751 747
2020 ..: 721 755 762 753 757 781 773 795 821 771 805 801 796
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Livestock production
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 1156 1149 1158 1129 1131 1134 1114 1088 1027 953 1001 1098 1096
2017 ..: 1121 1114 1167 1155 1239 1244 1206 1144 1101 1094 1182 1157 1162
2018 ..: 1099 1094 1159 1111 1141 1144 1110 1041 1030 1061 1077 1072 1094
2019 ..: 1135 1105 1139 1166 1151 1130 1088 1088 1014 1052 1128 1128 1112
2020 ..: 1144 1100 1130 910 959 1007 981 974 977 1052 1094 1056 1033
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Weighted index using monthly commodity market shares.
Reliability of Prices Received Estimates
Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers.
They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the
survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give
the total cash receipts for the commodity.
Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were
obtained from probability samples of about 1,900 mills and elevators. These
procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels
has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed
account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock
prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market
check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state
commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are
not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales.
Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are
obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private
marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities.
Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by
strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state
average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on
expanded sales. Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices
and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State
recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other
States, and recent historic estimates.
Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year
estimation time, following five-year Census revisions, or when later
information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of
Agricultural Prices.
Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys
generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major
commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods
of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to
calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the
United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non-
sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain
correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions,
mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step
in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors.
Program Changes: After the Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource
Economics (C-FARE) 2009 program review which included changes in farm production
practices, plans were implemented to make necessary program improvements in the
agricultural price program. The index group structure for prices received was
modified to maintain a more universal structure and consistency with the
required 1910-1914 series.
Modifications implemented January 2014 include the following: updated the
current 1990-1992 base reference period to 2011; linked the 1910-1914 series to
the updated base reference period, 2011; created index groups used universally
by researchers, data users, and policymakers; and re-classified agricultural
commodities into the index groups. Also, the modifications expanded the
commodity coverage for vegetable, melon, non-citrus, and tree nuts; updated
monthly market weights; and adjusted (normalized) current five year moving
average cash receipts and farm input cost weights.
Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and
replaced the annual average index with an annual index.
The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period
indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes
remain rounded to the nearest whole number.
See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details.
December Prices Paid by Farmers
The December Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes,
and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 112.7, is up 0.7 percent from November 2020
and 1.6 percent from December 2019.
Production: The December index, at 109.4, is up 1.0 percent from November and
1.9 percent from last year. Higher prices for complete feeds, LP gas, feeder
pigs, and diesel more than offset lower prices for feeder cattle, herbicides,
insecticides, and fungicides.
Feed: At 111.1, the December index increased 2.7 percent from November and
7.6 percent from last December. Prices are higher than the previous month
for complete feeds, feed grains, concentrates, supplements, and hay and
forages.
Livestock and poultry: The December index, at 103.2, increased 1.0 percent
from November and 0.1 percent from last year. Higher price for feeder pigs
more than offset lower price for feeder cattle. The feeder pigs price,
$143.00 per cwt, is up $23.00 per cwt from November. The feeder cattle
price, at $142.00 per cwt, is unchanged from the previous month.
Fertilizer: The index for December, at 75.9, is up 0.9 percent from
November and 7.8 percent from December a year ago. Compared with November,
prices are higher for mixed fertilizer, potash and phosphate.
Chemicals: The December index, at 99.6, is down 0.3 percent from November
but up 0.2 percent from last December.
Fuels: At 80.1, the December index is up 9.4 percent from November and
0.6 percent from December 2020. Compared with November, prices are higher
for LP gas, diesel, and gasoline.
Machinery: The index for December, at 124.4, increased 0.3 percent from
November and 0.2 percent from last December. Prices are higher than the
previous month for other machinery and tractors.
Consumer Price Index: The December 2020 Consumer Price Index for All Urban
Consumers (CPI-U), as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, increased
1.4 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 260.474 (1982-
1984=100). For the month, the index increased 0.1 percent prior to seasonal
adjustment.
Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: 1910-1914 Base : 2011 Base
Index Group :-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
and : December : November : December : December : November : December
Ratios : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: percent
:
Prices paid by farmers for :
commodities, services, :
interest, taxes, and wage :
rates (PPITW) ...................: 3000 3027 3050 110.9 111.9 112.7
Production ....................: 2236 2254 2277 107.4 108.3 109.4
Feed ........................: 1138 1192 1224 103.3 108.2 111.1
Livestock and poultry .......: 2035 2018 2037 103.1 102.2 103.2
Seeds .......................: 3800 3711 3711 115.6 112.9 112.9
Fertilizer ..................: 848 905 914 70.4 75.2 75.9
Chemicals ...................: 893 897 895 99.4 99.9 99.6
Fuels .......................: 2226 2046 2240 79.6 73.2 80.1
Supplies and repairs ........: 1358 1380 1382 115.1 117.0 117.1
:
Autos and trucks ............: 3244 3286 3308 105.5 106.9 107.6
Machinery ...................: 7586 7575 7603 124.1 124.0 124.4
Building materials ..........: 2742 2861 2885 117.9 123.0 124.0
Services and rent ...........: 2470 2491 2494 (NA) (NA) (NA)
Services ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 116.2 117.0 117.2
Rent ........................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 116.5 117.8 117.8
:
Interest 1/ ...................: 4205 4307 4307 115.3 118.1 118.1
Taxes 2/ ......................: 7000 7095 7095 117.9 119.5 119.5
Wage rates ....................: 9612 9644 9644 134.2 134.7 134.7
Family living-CPI 3/ ..........: 2441 2472 2474 114.3 115.7 115.8
:
Production, interest, taxes, ....:
and wage rates (PITW) .........: 3110 3137 3164 110.3 111.2 112.2
:
Ratio (received/paid) ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 82 83 81
Parity ratio 4/ .................: 31 32 31 (NA) (NA) (NA)
Parity ratio adjusted 5/ ........: 33 33 32 (NA) (NA) (NA)
PPITW adjusted for :
productivity 6/ ...............: 1692 1715 1719 (NA) (NA) (NA)
:
Crop sector (PPITW) .............: (NA) (NA) (NA) 111.9 112.4 112.9
Livestock sector (PPITW) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 109.7 111.3 112.5
:
Farm sector (production) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 105.7 107.1 108.8
Non-farm sector (production) ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) 108.4 109.0 109.8
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(NA) Not available.
1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt.
2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre.
3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA.
4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100).
5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is
updated annually.
6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years.
Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components -
United States: December 2020 with Comparisons
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at
www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Relative weights : Indexes (2011=100)
:-------------------------------------------------------
Index Group : : :December :November :December
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: percent
:
Production items ............: 73.2 72.9 107.4 108.3 109.4
:
Feed ......................: 12.8 13.3 103.3 108.2 111.1
Feed grains .............: 1.8 1.9 62.0 66.9 69.5
Complete feeds ..........: 6.3 6.5 109.0 114.7 118.7
Hay and forages .........: 1.6 1.7 104.1 102.3 102.4
Concentrates ............: 2.0 2.1 115.1 125.1 127.0
Supplements .............: 1.1 1.1 117.3 117.6 121.0
Livestock and poultry .....: 8.8 9.2 103.1 102.2 103.2
Feeder cattle ...........: 6.8 7.2 104.1 103.9 103.4
Feeder pigs .............: 0.7 0.7 97.1 85.7 102.1
Milk cow replacements ...: 0.7 0.7 92.3 94.4 94.4
Poultry .................: 0.5 0.6 113.1 113.1 113.1
:
Seeds .....................: 5.4 5.1 115.6 112.9 112.9
Field crops .............: 4.9 4.6 114.0 111.6 111.6
Grasses and legumes .....: 0.5 0.5 131.8 125.4 125.4
Fertilizer ................: 5.0 5.1 70.4 75.2 75.9
Mixed fertilizer ........: 2.2 2.2 71.4 75.2 76.2
Nitrogen ................: 2.1 2.1 72.5 74.3 74.3
Potash and phosphate ....: 0.7 0.7 61.4 77.8 79.7
Chemicals .................: 3.6 3.5 99.4 99.9 99.6
Herbicides ..............: 2.2 2.2 100.8 101.6 101.3
Insecticides ............: 0.8 0.8 95.1 94.1 93.8
Fungicides and other ....: 0.5 0.5 100.1 101.7 101.5
:
Fuels .....................: 2.8 3.2 79.6 73.2 80.1
Diesel ..................: 1.8 2.0 73.5 59.4 63.2
Gasoline ................: 0.6 0.7 77.0 65.4 67.9
LP gas ..................: 0.5 0.5 105.0 133.7 158.0
Supplies and repairs ......: 4.6 4.6 115.1 117.0 117.1
Supplies ................: 1.5 1.5 116.1 118.4 118.8
Repairs .................: 3.1 3.0 114.7 116.3 116.3
Autos and trucks ..........: 1.3 1.2 105.5 106.9 107.6
Autos ...................: 0.2 0.2 100.1 101.5 102.2
Trucks ..................: 1.1 1.1 106.4 107.7 108.4
:
Machinery .................: 5.3 4.7 124.1 124.0 124.4
Tractors ................: 1.2 1.0 111.4 112.0 112.4
Self-propelled ..........: 2.1 1.9 128.2 127.5 127.5
Other machinery .........: 2.0 1.8 127.2 127.1 128.1
Building materials ........: 4.1 4.0 117.9 123.0 124.0
Services ..................: 11.7 11.9 116.2 117.0 117.2
Custom rates ............: 1.2 1.2 118.4 119.6 119.6
Other services ..........: 10.5 10.7 116.0 116.7 116.9
Rent ......................: 7.8 7.1 116.5 117.8 117.8
Cash ....................: 4.2 3.8 123.3 124.7 124.7
Share ...................: 3.6 3.3 108.6 109.7 109.7
:
Interest ....................: 2.6 2.6 115.3 118.1 118.1
Taxes .......................: 3.2 3.1 117.9 119.5 119.5
Wage rates ..................: 7.2 7.4 134.2 134.7 134.7
Family living-CPI ...........: 13.9 14.0 114.3 115.7 115.8
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Feed price ratio 1/ :December 2019 :November 2020 :December 2020
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
:
Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal :
in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ ......: 4.5 3.5 3.8
:
Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in :
value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ ............................: 8.3 7.7 4.7
:
Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to :
100 pounds of hog, live weight ......................: 12.7 13.7 12.4
:
Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal :
in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4/ ................: 2.57 2.58 2.18
:
Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal :
in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, :
live weight .......................................: 32.3 28.8 28.0
:
Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in :
value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5/ ..........: 6.9 7.3 6.9
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States
prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat.
2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received
for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans.
3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for
corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans.
4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for
corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41
percent alfalfa.
5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received
for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21
percent wheat.
Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States:
December 2020 with Comparisons
[Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States
Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Item :December 2019 :November 2020 :December 2020
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars
:
Broilers, live ................pound: 0.449 0.391 0.438
Eggs, market ..................dozen: 0.715 0.724 0.452
:
Hogs, all .......................cwt: 47.30 51.90 49.10
Milk, all .......................cwt: 20.70 21.30 18.50
:
Steers and heifers ..............cwt: 120.00 109.00 111.00
Turkeys, live .................pound: 0.624 0.734 0.721
:
Corn .........................bushel: 3.71 3.79 3.97
Hay, alfalfa ....................ton: 172.00 167.00 169.00
:
Soybeans .....................bushel: 8.70 10.30 10.50
Wheat, all ...................bushel: 4.64 5.24 5.43
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: December 2020 with Comparisons
[Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture
Marketing Service]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Item :December 2019 :November 2020 :December 2020
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars
:
Feeder cattle & calves ..........cwt: 143.00 142.00 142.00
Feeder pigs .....................cwt: 136.00 120.00 143.00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Annual Average Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: 2015-2020
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Item : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2020
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars
:
Feeders and stockers :
Cattle and calves .......cwt:214.00 144.00 146.00 148.00 141.00 138.00
Feeder pigs .............cwt:135.00 126.00 141.00 132.00 150.00 92.10
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle - States, Regions, and United States: 2019 and 2020
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Survey average rates 1/
:-----------------------------------------------------------------
State : Animal unit 2/ : Cow-calf : Per head
:-----------------------------------------------------------------
: 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: dollars per month
:
Arizona .........: 9.50 10.00 (S) (S) (S) (S)
California ......: 21.40 23.50 25.00 27.50 18.50 19.50
Colorado ........: 18.50 19.50 22.50 23.00 19.50 20.00
Idaho ...........: 18.00 18.50 21.00 22.50 19.00 19.50
Kansas ..........: 18.50 20.50 22.00 25.00 24.00 25.00
Montana .........: 24.50 23.50 26.00 26.00 24.00 24.00
Nebraska ........: 40.70 47.00 46.30 55.00 44.00 44.00
Nevada ..........: 10.00 (S) (S) (S) 12.00 (S)
New Mexico ......: 16.00 16.50 (S) 18.50 16.50 16.50
North Dakota ....: 18.00 21.00 21.00 (S) 20.00 (S)
:
Oklahoma ........: 11.50 12.50 11.50 13.00 13.20 13.50
Oregon ..........: 18.50 18.00 21.50 21.50 19.50 20.50
South Dakota ....: 29.50 27.50 36.50 34.00 35.00 33.00
Texas ...........: 12.50 11.50 16.00 15.00 15.50 16.00
Utah ............: 18.00 18.00 20.00 (S) 18.50 19.50
Washington ......: 14.50 14.50 17.50 (S) 17.00 17.00
Wyoming .........: 22.50 22.50 24.50 25.00 23.00 24.00
:
17-State 3/ .....: 19.90 20.60 23.30 24.40 22.30 22.70
16-State 4/ .....: 22.20 23.50 25.60 27.40 24.50 24.80
11-State 5/ .....: 19.60 19.80 22.40 23.10 19.90 20.50
9-State 6/ ......: 19.90 20.80 23.50 24.70 23.00 23.30
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate.
1/ The average rates are estimates based on survey indications of monthly lease
rates for private, non-irrigated grazing land from the January Cattle Survey.
2/ Animal unit (AUM) rate includes survey rates for both animal unit and cow-calf.
The rate is converted to an AUM rate using a multiplier factor of 0.833. The
multiplier factor is the conversion of a 1,200 pound cow to a 1,000 pound cow.
3/ 17 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana,
Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota,
Texas, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
4/ 16 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana,
Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota,
Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
5/ 11 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New
Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
6/ 9 Great Plains States: Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota,
Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming.
Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States:
2016-2020
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates
: (PPITW)
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 107.3 106.9 107.1 106.7 106.8 107.2 106.1 105.5 104.1 103.5 103.8 104.6 105.8
2017 ..: 105.9 106.4 106.6 106.7 106.8 106.6 106.4 105.7 106.1 106.7 107.0 107.3 106.5
2018 ..: 108.1 108.9 108.9 108.5 109.0 108.8 109.0 109.1 109.1 109.7 109.8 110.0 109.1
2019 ..: 110.5 110.6 110.7 111.3 110.9 110.4 110.6 109.9 109.6 110.4 110.6 110.9 110.5
2020 ..: 111.4 111.1 110.1 108.9 109.0 109.2 109.7 109.9 110.3 111.1 111.9 112.7 110.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Items used for production, interest, taxes, and wage rates
: (PITW)
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 107.6 107.2 107.3 106.7 106.8 107.2 106.0 105.2 103.6 102.8 103.3 104.1 105.7
2017 ..: 105.6 106.1 106.3 106.4 106.5 106.3 106.0 105.2 105.5 106.3 106.6 107.0 106.2
2018 ..: 107.8 108.6 108.5 108.1 108.6 108.3 108.5 108.6 108.6 109.3 109.4 109.7 108.7
2019 ..: 110.3 110.3 110.4 110.9 110.4 109.9 110.1 109.2 108.8 109.7 110.0 110.3 110.0
2020 ..: 110.8 110.4 109.4 108.0 108.2 108.3 108.8 109.0 109.4 110.3 111.2 112.2 109.7
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Items used for production
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 107.1 106.5 106.6 106.1 106.2 106.6 105.0 104.1 102.3 101.2 101.7 102.7 104.7
2017 ..: 103.9 104.4 104.6 104.9 105.0 104.7 104.5 103.5 103.9 104.6 105.0 105.4 104.5
2018 ..: 105.4 106.3 106.3 106.1 106.6 106.3 106.0 106.2 106.2 106.8 107.0 107.3 106.4
2019 ..: 107.4 107.5 107.6 108.4 107.8 107.2 107.3 106.2 105.8 106.7 107.1 107.4 107.2
2020 ..: 107.6 107.1 105.9 104.5 104.6 104.9 105.3 105.7 106.1 107.2 108.3 109.4 106.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Feed
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 100.9 100.4 100.5 100.4 104.8 109.3 106.5 102.6 99.3 97.5 96.8 98.0 101.4
2017 ..: 96.3 97.3 97.2 96.6 95.9 94.5 95.0 93.5 92.7 93.2 92.3 93.4 94.8
2018 ..: 94.2 97.9 99.2 101.2 103.5 102.1 100.9 101.3 98.9 99.0 99.1 100.9 99.9
2019 ..: 101.8 102.1 102.7 103.1 103.3 104.4 103.9 103.1 102.4 102.8 102.7 103.3 103.0
2020 ..: 103.8 103.5 103.0 103.0 102.0 101.2 101.4 100.7 101.8 104.9 108.2 111.1 103.7
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Livestock & poultry
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 119.8 119.4 120.8 115.5 109.4 104.7 99.7 101.1 93.4 87.7 93.0 97.5 105.2
2017 ..: 102.0 101.2 103.3 105.4 108.1 108.3 107.7 102.9 106.0 111.7 113.8 113.9 107.0
2018 ..: 112.9 113.9 110.3 104.6 103.1 101.5 100.6 100.6 103.8 107.4 105.1 105.9 105.8
2019 ..: 106.5 105.4 106.3 112.0 105.4 97.7 98.5 95.7 95.6 100.0 102.2 103.1 102.4
2020 ..: 107.3 104.8 98.6 88.9 90.4 90.6 93.1 95.9 97.7 99.5 102.2 103.2 97.7
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Seeds
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 124.6 124.6 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 121.4
2017 ..: 120.8 120.8 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.9
2018 ..: 119.7 119.7 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.5
2019 ..: 118.2 118.2 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 116.0
2020 ..: 115.6 115.6 112.9 112.9 112.9 112.9 112.9 112.9 112.9 112.9 112.9 112.9 113.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Fertilizer
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 80.0 76.2 75.5 76.4 75.8 74.8 70.4 67.6 66.4 66.0 66.6 65.7 71.8
2017 ..: 66.2 68.3 69.5 70.5 69.6 68.3 66.1 63.6 62.3 62.5 63.4 64.3 66.2
2018 ..: 64.4 66.1 66.2 66.1 66.4 66.0 65.6 65.6 66.5 68.1 69.3 69.5 66.7
2019 ..: 69.8 70.6 70.1 69.6 71.0 70.9 69.9 69.4 69.9 70.3 69.8 70.4 70.1
2020 ..: 68.8 70.2 71.8 72.9 73.7 72.6 71.8 71.5 72.0 73.9 75.2 75.9 72.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Chemicals
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 108.5 108.6 108.8 108.8 108.9 109.0 110.1 108.2 106.2 106.3 104.9 104.1 107.7
2017 ..: 102.6 108.7 108.8 107.6 103.3 104.5 101.7 100.8 101.5 100.8 102.7 105.2 104.0
2018 ..: 103.3 103.2 106.9 103.7 101.9 101.3 97.9 98.6 94.4 93.1 102.2 101.9 100.7
2019 ..: 103.4 102.9 102.3 102.1 102.5 104.4 106.1 98.8 91.9 97.7 99.0 99.4 100.9
2020 ..: 98.3 98.5 97.9 98.0 99.3 99.9 99.9 99.9 99.9 99.9 99.9 99.6 99.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2016-2020 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Fuels
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 49.6 47.5 51.7 53.3 57.6 59.2 57.4 55.4 57.1 59.5 58.0 61.2 55.6
2017 ..: 64.7 64.3 60.9 61.9 60.7 58.2 58.3 61.4 66.9 66.4 68.2 66.7 63.2
2018 ..: 66.8 65.4 63.4 67.0 71.5 72.1 73.4 74.7 77.5 78.3 73.5 69.1 71.1
2019 ..: 67.0 68.4 71.4 73.1 75.7 72.2 73.9 71.5 73.9 76.5 80.0 79.6 73.6
2020 ..: 78.2 75.3 68.0 63.5 65.8 70.6 71.4 71.9 71.3 72.0 73.2 80.1 71.8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Supplies & repairs
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 105.7 105.5 105.5 105.6 105.4 105.4 105.9 106.5 106.4 106.7 106.8 106.8 106.0
2017 ..: 106.7 106.7 106.7 107.5 107.7 107.9 108.3 108.3 108.4 108.6 108.6 108.8 107.9
2018 ..: 109.1 109.1 109.3 110.4 110.9 111.2 112.0 112.9 113.3 113.7 113.6 113.7 111.6
2019 ..: 114.2 114.2 114.3 114.4 114.5 114.5 115.1 115.0 115.0 115.1 115.1 115.1 114.7
2020 ..: 115.5 115.8 115.7 116.5 116.5 116.4 116.8 116.7 116.8 117.1 117.0 117.1 116.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Autos & trucks
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 105.9 106.5 106.6 106.4 106.3 106.0 105.9 105.6 105.5 105.8 105.8 106.1 106.0
2017 ..: 107.1 107.1 106.8 106.9 106.7 106.2 105.6 105.3 104.9 104.8 105.0 105.8 106.0
2018 ..: 106.1 105.9 105.9 105.5 105.6 105.7 105.6 105.4 105.0 104.9 105.0 105.2 105.5
2019 ..: 105.9 106.2 106.6 106.6 106.5 106.2 105.9 105.5 105.1 105.0 105.1 105.5 105.8
2020 ..: 106.2 106.6 106.1 106.1 106.2 106.1 106.5 106.2 106.2 106.8 106.9 107.6 106.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Machinery
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 114.4 114.6 114.4 114.6 114.7 115.0 115.3 115.6 115.8 116.5 116.8 117.0 115.4
2017 ..: 117.4 117.6 117.8 117.7 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.5 117.7 117.7 117.9 117.9 117.7
2018 ..: 118.2 117.8 117.9 118.1 118.6 118.8 119.8 120.0 120.7 122.0 123.4 124.1 120.0
2019 ..: 124.5 125.0 125.0 125.1 123.9 124.6 124.1 123.7 123.3 122.9 122.4 124.1 124.1
2020 ..: 124.5 123.6 123.3 123.3 123.3 123.8 123.8 124.2 123.6 124.8 124.0 124.4 123.9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Building materials
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 106.9 106.9 107.0 107.3 107.5 107.7 107.9 108.2 108.1 107.9 107.9 108.1 107.6
2017 ..: 108.8 109.3 109.6 110.2 110.2 110.3 110.3 110.7 110.9 111.4 111.6 111.7 110.4
2018 ..: 112.6 113.3 114.8 115.3 116.6 117.0 117.2 117.1 117.3 117.3 117.1 117.3 116.1
2019 ..: 117.8 118.2 118.0 118.4 118.3 118.0 118.6 118.1 118.0 117.9 117.9 117.9 118.1
2020 ..: 118.5 118.8 119.5 118.8 118.8 119.3 120.0 121.6 123.4 123.5 123.0 124.0 120.8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Services 2/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 115.2 115.2 115.2 115.4 115.2 116.1 116.2 116.2 116.1 115.5 115.2 115.6 115.6
2017 ..: 111.6 111.7 111.5 111.7 112.1 112.9 113.2 113.2 113.3 112.5 112.4 112.6 112.4
2018 ..: 113.5 113.6 113.8 113.8 114.3 114.9 115.1 115.2 115.3 115.1 114.8 114.9 114.5
2019 ..: 116.5 116.6 116.3 116.4 116.6 117.4 117.4 117.2 116.9 116.6 116.4 116.2 116.7
2020 ..: 116.5 116.3 116.3 116.0 115.6 116.4 116.7 116.7 116.4 116.4 117.0 117.2 116.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Rent 2/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8
2017 ..: 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8
2018 ..: 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5
2019 ..: 116.5 116.5 116.5 116.5 116.5 116.5 116.5 116.5 116.5 116.5 116.5 116.5 116.5
2020 ..: 117.8 117.8 117.8 117.8 117.8 117.8 117.8 117.8 117.8 117.8 117.8 117.8 117.8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Ratio (paid/received)
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 83 87 87 87 89 88 86 86 83 79 80 84 85
2017 ..: 81 86 88 90 93 92 90 89 87 82 85 86 87
2018 ..: 80 83 87 85 87 87 84 83 81 77 80 82 83
2019 ..: 78 81 84 85 84 85 82 83 80 78 81 82 82
2020 ..: 80 82 85 75 78 81 79 79 81 80 83 81 80
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2016-2020 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Interest
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9
2017 ..: 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.8
2018 ..: 114.9 114.9 114.9 114.9 114.9 114.9 114.9 114.9 114.9 114.9 114.9 114.9 114.9
2019 ..: 115.3 115.3 115.3 115.3 115.3 115.3 115.3 115.3 115.3 115.3 115.3 115.3 115.3
2020 ..: 118.1 118.1 118.1 118.1 118.1 118.1 118.1 118.1 118.1 118.1 118.1 118.1 118.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Taxes
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 110.7 110.7 110.7 110.7 110.7 110.7 110.7 110.7 110.7 110.7 110.7 110.7 110.7
2017 ..: 115.5 115.5 115.5 115.5 115.5 115.5 115.5 115.5 115.5 115.5 115.5 115.5 115.5
2018 ..: 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1
2019 ..: 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9 117.9
2020 ..: 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Wage rates
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 114.7 114.7 114.7 113.9 113.9 113.9 116.4 116.4 116.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 115.9
2017 ..: 120.0 120.0 120.0 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 119.9 119.9 119.9 119.1
2018 ..: 125.8 125.8 125.8 122.6 122.6 122.6 127.6 127.6 127.6 129.3 129.3 129.3 126.3
2019 ..: 133.7 133.7 133.7 131.5 131.5 131.5 133.2 133.2 133.2 134.2 134.2 134.2 133.2
2020 ..: 136.6 136.6 136.6 134.7 134.7 134.7 134.7 134.7 134.7 134.7 134.7 134.7 135.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Family living
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 105.3 105.4 105.9 106.4 106.8 107.2 107.0 107.1 107.3 107.5 107.3 107.4 106.7
2017 ..: 108.0 108.3 108.4 108.7 108.8 108.9 108.8 109.2 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.6 109.0
2018 ..: 110.2 110.7 111.0 111.4 111.9 112.0 112.1 112.1 112.2 112.4 112.1 111.7 111.7
2019 ..: 111.9 112.4 113.0 113.6 113.9 113.9 114.1 114.1 114.2 114.4 114.4 114.3 113.7
2020 ..: 114.7 115.0 114.8 114.0 114.0 114.6 115.2 115.6 115.7 115.8 115.7 115.8 115.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Production items with farm origin 3/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 111.5 111.1 111.0 109.1 109.0 109.6 106.5 105.1 100.8 97.9 99.4 101.6 106.1
2017 ..: 102.6 102.8 103.4 103.8 104.5 103.9 103.9 101.5 102.2 104.5 104.8 105.4 103.6
2018 ..: 104.9 107.1 106.3 105.6 106.3 105.1 104.2 104.4 104.2 105.3 104.7 105.8 105.3
2019 ..: 106.6 106.4 106.5 108.5 106.5 104.5 104.5 103.2 102.8 104.5 105.1 105.7 105.4
2020 ..: 107.1 106.2 103.4 100.2 100.2 99.8 100.8 101.4 102.5 104.6 107.1 108.8 103.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Production items with non-farm origin 4/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 104.2 103.5 103.7 104.1 104.3 104.6 104.1 103.5 103.3 103.4 103.2 103.5 103.8
2017 ..: 104.6 105.4 105.4 105.7 105.3 105.3 104.9 104.7 104.9 104.7 105.1 105.4 105.1
2018 ..: 105.7 105.9 106.3 106.3 106.8 107.0 107.0 107.3 107.3 107.6 108.3 108.2 107.0
2019 ..: 107.9 108.2 108.2 108.3 108.6 108.8 108.9 108.0 107.5 108.1 108.2 108.4 108.3
2020 ..: 107.8 107.8 107.4 107.1 107.4 107.9 108.1 108.2 108.3 108.7 109.0 109.8 108.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Crop sector (PPITW)
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 107.4 107.0 106.8 106.9 107.0 107.2 106.8 106.3 105.9 106.0 106.0 106.2 106.6
2017 ..: 107.7 108.3 108.3 108.4 108.1 108.1 107.8 107.5 107.7 107.9 108.2 108.4 108.0
2018 ..: 109.4 109.6 109.8 109.5 109.8 109.8 110.2 110.4 110.4 110.8 111.2 111.2 110.2
2019 ..: 111.6 111.8 111.6 111.6 111.7 111.8 112.1 111.4 111.0 111.6 111.7 111.9 111.7
2020 ..: 112.0 112.0 111.5 111.0 111.2 111.6 111.7 111.8 111.9 112.2 112.4 112.9 111.9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Livestock Sector (PPITW)
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 107.3 107.0 107.4 106.5 106.7 107.2 105.4 104.5 102.2 100.7 101.5 102.8 104.9
2017 ..: 104.1 104.4 104.7 105.0 105.4 105.0 105.0 103.8 104.3 105.6 105.9 106.2 105.0
2018 ..: 106.7 108.0 107.9 107.5 108.2 107.7 107.5 107.7 107.7 108.5 108.1 108.6 107.8
2019 ..: 109.3 109.4 109.8 110.9 109.9 108.9 109.1 108.2 108.0 109.0 109.4 109.7 109.3
2020 ..: 110.7 110.1 108.7 106.7 106.7 106.8 107.5 108.0 108.6 109.9 111.3 112.5 109.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures
2/ For the 2011=100 base period, the Services & Rent Index is separated.
3/ Feed, livestock & poultry purchases, and seed.
4/ Fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, fuels, supplies & repairs, autos & trucks, machinery, building materials,
and services & rent.
Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2016-2020
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Feed grains
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 61.2 60.2 60.1 59.5 61.7 64.3 60.7 54.5 53.7 54.8 54.1 55.5 58.4
2017 ..: 56.6 57.5 58.0 57.1 58.0 58.0 59.8 56.2 55.8 55.3 53.9 55.1 56.8
2018 ..: 56.5 57.8 59.5 60.7 62.2 62.0 59.9 57.9 58.1 57.8 57.7 59.6 59.1
2019 ..: 59.9 60.7 60.9 59.4 61.2 67.1 70.0 65.2 63.5 64.1 61.7 62.0 63.0
2020 ..: 63.2 63.1 61.9 56.5 55.6 55.6 57.2 54.6 59.6 63.5 66.9 69.5 60.6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Complete feeds
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 110.7 110.5 110.4 109.4 110.8 114.8 114.6 112.7 109.5 107.3 105.7 104.9 110.1
2017 ..: 104.3 104.5 104.5 103.9 103.1 102.4 102.2 101.5 100.9 101.0 100.8 102.1 102.6
2018 ..: 103.7 105.0 105.6 106.1 107.9 107.9 106.0 106.1 104.4 103.7 104.0 104.9 105.4
2019 ..: 106.2 106.0 106.3 106.6 106.1 107.3 108.1 108.3 108.1 108.0 108.4 109.0 107.4
2020 ..: 109.8 109.5 109.1 110.4 108.7 107.4 107.4 107.1 108.2 111.2 114.7 118.7 110.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Hay & forages
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 89.3 89.5 89.3 94.2 89.2 86.1 84.1 85.4 84.1 85.3 84.2 82.2 86.9
2017 ..: 82.1 83.5 87.8 94.7 94.6 93.3 92.3 89.6 89.0 91.9 90.6 90.9 90.0
2018 ..: 93.2 93.9 97.8 104.1 106.9 103.8 104.0 104.9 106.2 105.8 106.0 109.8 103.0
2019 ..: 111.0 112.4 114.8 120.3 119.7 114.0 107.3 104.3 102.1 104.3 104.3 104.1 109.9
2020 ..: 103.4 104.0 103.5 104.0 105.0 104.0 105.1 104.4 100.2 102.5 102.3 102.4 103.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Concentrates
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 106.3 104.6 106.8 106.5 131.7 147.2 136.0 122.7 114.8 108.7 109.7 119.8 117.9
2017 ..: 108.1 113.5 109.5 103.1 102.5 96.6 99.2 98.4 96.3 96.2 93.1 93.7 100.9
2018 ..: 89.8 107.4 109.0 113.9 118.9 115.0 115.0 117.4 106.3 109.9 108.7 110.9 110.2
2019 ..: 111.6 113.1 113.8 113.3 113.7 115.6 112.5 114.4 113.3 113.9 113.8 115.1 113.7
2020 ..: 116.0 116.0 115.6 116.5 117.0 116.4 115.9 115.4 116.3 120.6 125.1 127.0 118.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Supplements
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 118.9 118.8 116.1 115.4 115.2 117.4 114.6 113.9 111.1 110.4 111.8 113.0 114.7
2017 ..: 115.9 112.3 112.7 111.6 108.2 108.1 108.8 107.3 106.3 108.3 108.9 111.6 110.0
2018 ..: 112.4 113.1 112.7 113.2 113.7 110.0 109.5 112.3 111.3 110.9 112.5 115.8 112.3
2019 ..: 114.6 114.3 114.3 112.8 115.1 116.3 115.3 114.0 115.8 115.6 116.2 117.3 115.1
2020 ..: 115.4 112.4 113.3 112.3 109.4 109.4 109.1 108.8 112.0 113.4 117.6 121.0 112.8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Feeder Cattle
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 120.0 118.0 119.3 112.9 107.2 103.7 100.5 103.6 93.8 88.2 92.9 95.9 104.7
2017 ..: 98.2 96.2 98.4 103.7 108.4 109.2 108.4 104.4 108.7 114.7 115.5 112.6 106.5
2018 ..: 110.8 111.6 108.0 104.2 103.9 104.8 106.6 107.7 110.4 113.4 109.7 106.6 108.1
2019 ..: 106.8 105.8 105.8 108.9 102.8 97.4 99.7 98.5 97.8 102.2 104.5 104.1 102.9
2020 ..: 107.8 105.6 99.0 92.2 94.9 96.0 98.7 101.5 100.8 101.0 103.9 103.4 100.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Feeder pigs
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 119.3 134.3 139.3 134.3 114.3 90.0 65.0 52.1 51.4 38.6 57.9 85.7 90.2
2017 ..: 119.3 128.6 133.6 106.4 95.0 90.0 90.7 70.7 66.4 80.7 100.0 129.3 100.9
2018 ..: 145.7 150.0 140.7 117.9 102.1 72.9 47.9 35.7 50.0 71.4 79.3 120.0 94.5
2019 ..: 125.0 121.4 132.1 173.6 150.7 106.4 87.9 65.0 69.3 75.7 80.7 97.1 107.1
2020 ..: 114.3 103.6 90.7 40.0 32.1 23.6 24.3 32.1 61.4 79.3 85.7 102.1 65.8
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Milk cow replacements
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 128.9 128.9 128.9 128.9 128.9 128.9 121.8 121.8 121.8 119.0 119.0 119.0 124.7
2017 ..: 114.1 114.1 114.1 115.5 115.5 115.5 114.1 114.1 114.1 113.4 113.4 113.4 114.3
2018 ..: 107.0 107.0 107.0 95.8 95.8 95.8 93.0 93.0 93.0 86.6 86.6 86.6 95.6
2019 ..: 80.3 80.3 80.3 80.3 80.3 80.3 86.6 86.6 86.6 92.3 92.3 92.3 84.9
2020 ..: 91.5 91.5 91.5 88.0 88.0 88.0 92.3 92.3 92.3 94.4 94.4 94.4 91.6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States:
2016-2020 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Poultry
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6
2017 ..: 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9
2018 ..: 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3
2019 ..: 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1
2020 ..: 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1 113.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Field crop seeds
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 125.1 125.1 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 121.2
2017 ..: 120.4 120.4 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.4
2018 ..: 119.2 119.2 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 117.3
2019 ..: 116.9 116.9 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.5
2020 ..: 114.0 114.0 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 112.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Grass & legume seeds
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 119.9 119.9 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 123.3
2017 ..: 124.0 124.0 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 124.9
2018 ..: 125.1 125.1 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 130.0
2019 ..: 131.0 131.0 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.7
2020 ..: 131.8 131.8 125.4 125.4 125.4 125.4 125.4 125.4 125.4 125.4 125.4 125.4 126.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Mixed fertilizer
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 77.8 75.8 74.8 74.7 75.0 74.3 71.3 70.3 69.2 68.3 68.9 67.4 72.3
2017 ..: 67.5 67.8 67.1 67.6 67.1 65.9 66.1 66.6 65.9 65.8 65.4 65.5 66.5
2018 ..: 65.5 66.0 66.4 66.3 67.7 67.4 68.1 68.2 69.1 69.8 70.7 70.6 68.0
2019 ..: 71.8 71.4 71.1 71.6 71.5 71.9 70.6 70.7 71.3 71.2 71.1 71.4 71.3
2020 ..: 70.6 70.4 71.5 71.0 72.0 71.7 71.8 71.6 72.5 73.1 75.2 76.2 72.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Nitrogen
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 83.5 78.1 77.0 78.7 77.2 75.8 70.4 65.1 63.3 63.0 63.7 63.8 71.6
2017 ..: 64.4 69.1 72.0 73.5 72.1 71.1 67.1 61.3 59.3 60.1 62.8 65.1 66.5
2018 ..: 64.8 67.9 67.6 67.5 66.8 65.8 63.9 64.0 64.6 67.1 68.8 69.3 66.5
2019 ..: 69.2 71.6 70.8 70.2 72.5 72.1 71.9 70.2 70.6 72.3 72.4 72.5 71.4
2020 ..: 69.2 72.5 73.5 76.8 76.6 74.3 73.1 72.2 71.6 74.5 74.3 74.3 73.6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Potash & phosphate
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 76.5 71.8 73.0 74.4 73.9 73.5 67.2 66.8 67.1 67.8 67.7 66.2 70.5
2017 ..: 67.2 67.5 69.4 70.7 69.8 67.1 63.4 61.1 60.4 59.3 59.1 58.3 64.4
2018 ..: 59.7 61.1 61.6 61.6 61.3 62.1 63.0 62.3 64.2 65.8 66.1 66.3 62.9
2019 ..: 65.6 64.9 65.1 61.7 64.4 64.3 61.8 63.3 63.4 61.5 58.0 61.4 63.0
2020 ..: 61.8 63.0 67.4 67.4 69.9 70.1 68.2 69.0 71.4 74.2 77.8 79.7 70.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Herbicides
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 110.2 110.4 110.7 110.8 110.9 111.1 112.2 110.3 108.3 108.4 107.0 106.3 109.7
2017 ..: 104.9 111.1 111.3 110.1 105.7 106.9 104.0 103.1 103.8 103.0 105.0 107.5 106.4
2018 ..: 105.5 105.4 109.2 104.4 102.6 102.0 98.5 99.2 95.0 93.7 102.8 102.5 101.7
2019 ..: 104.0 103.5 102.9 102.6 103.3 105.3 107.2 99.9 93.0 99.0 100.3 100.8 101.8
2020 ..: 99.8 100.1 99.6 99.7 101.0 101.6 101.6 101.6 101.6 101.6 101.6 101.3 100.9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Insecticides
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 108.9 108.9 109.1 109.0 109.0 109.1 110.1 108.0 105.9 105.9 104.4 103.6 107.7
2017 ..: 102.1 108.1 108.1 106.8 102.5 103.6 100.7 99.8 100.4 99.6 101.5 103.8 103.1
2018 ..: 101.8 101.7 105.2 104.9 103.0 102.3 98.7 99.3 95.1 93.6 102.7 102.2 100.9
2019 ..: 103.7 103.1 102.3 102.1 101.5 102.9 104.1 96.4 89.2 94.4 95.1 95.1 99.2
2020 ..: 93.5 93.2 92.2 92.3 93.6 94.1 94.1 94.1 94.1 94.1 94.1 93.8 93.6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States:
2016-2020 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Fungicides & other
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 100.6 100.2 99.9 99.8 99.8 99.9 100.8 99.0 97.0 97.1 95.7 94.9 98.7
2017 ..: 93.6 99.1 99.1 97.6 93.9 95.2 92.8 92.2 93.0 92.5 94.6 97.0 95.1
2018 ..: 95.5 95.6 99.3 98.7 97.2 96.8 93.7 94.5 90.8 89.7 98.6 98.5 95.7
2019 ..: 100.2 100.0 99.5 99.3 100.6 102.8 104.9 98.1 91.6 97.7 99.4 100.1 99.5
2020 ..: 99.4 99.9 99.7 99.8 101.1 101.7 101.7 101.7 101.7 101.7 101.7 101.5 101.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Diesel
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 48.3 45.0 47.1 48.4 52.1 54.5 54.0 52.8 53.7 55.0 54.7 56.2 51.8
2017 ..: 57.8 57.5 57.1 57.3 56.4 54.9 54.1 55.8 59.4 59.2 61.1 60.6 57.6
2018 ..: 62.4 62.4 60.7 63.6 67.0 68.3 68.6 69.0 70.7 73.6 73.0 69.7 67.4
2019 ..: 67.2 68.3 70.8 71.8 73.5 72.2 71.5 70.9 71.5 72.8 73.5 73.5 71.5
2020 ..: 73.7 70.8 66.7 60.9 58.4 58.8 59.5 59.3 59.0 58.4 59.4 63.2 62.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Gasoline
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 54.2 49.2 54.4 58.2 62.2 64.7 61.4 59.8 60.9 61.7 60.0 61.8 59.0
2017 ..: 64.2 63.0 63.5 65.5 64.5 63.0 61.4 63.1 69.4 65.5 66.5 64.0 64.5
2018 ..: 65.4 65.9 65.5 70.2 73.8 74.1 73.8 74.2 75.0 76.5 71.8 65.1 70.9
2019 ..: 62.5 64.6 70.7 78.5 81.5 78.2 79.3 76.6 76.4 78.2 77.8 77.0 75.1
2020 ..: 77.2 74.7 69.2 57.6 58.3 64.5 67.5 67.5 67.6 66.8 65.4 67.9 67.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: LP Gas
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 48.9 54.4 65.3 65.0 72.2 69.7 64.6 59.7 64.6 73.5 67.7 78.7 65.4
2017 ..: 91.0 91.3 71.6 74.2 71.7 64.8 69.6 79.9 91.6 94.4 96.8 92.4 82.4
2018 ..: 85.0 76.1 70.9 75.4 85.7 83.8 91.0 96.2 106.2 98.0 77.5 71.6 84.8
2019 ..: 71.5 73.5 74.4 71.3 77.0 64.9 75.9 67.6 79.8 88.3 106.9 105.0 79.7
2020 ..: 95.9 93.0 71.6 80.2 102.3 121.7 120.5 124.2 121.5 129.1 133.7 158.0 112.6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Supplies
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 106.2 106.1 106.2 106.2 106.3 106.2 106.2 106.3 106.4 106.5 106.5 106.5 106.3
2017 ..: 106.6 106.7 106.9 107.0 107.2 107.6 107.8 107.9 108.1 108.1 108.3 108.8 107.6
2018 ..: 109.3 109.5 109.9 110.5 110.7 111.2 111.7 112.6 113.3 113.5 113.3 113.5 111.6
2019 ..: 114.6 114.8 114.8 114.8 115.3 115.8 116.1 116.1 115.9 115.9 116.0 116.1 115.5
2020 ..: 116.3 116.6 116.5 117.3 117.1 117.3 117.3 117.4 117.8 118.4 118.4 118.8 117.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Repairs
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 105.4 105.2 105.2 105.3 105.0 105.0 105.7 106.6 106.4 106.9 106.9 107.0 105.9
2017 ..: 106.7 106.7 106.7 107.8 108.0 108.0 108.5 108.5 108.5 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.0
2018 ..: 109.0 108.9 109.0 110.3 111.0 111.2 112.2 113.1 113.3 113.8 113.8 113.8 111.6
2019 ..: 114.0 113.9 114.0 114.2 114.0 113.9 114.6 114.4 114.5 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.3
2020 ..: 115.1 115.4 115.3 116.1 116.2 116.0 116.6 116.4 116.4 116.4 116.3 116.3 116.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Autos
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 101.5 102.0 101.8 101.5 101.3 100.9 100.7 100.4 100.3 100.6 100.7 100.8 101.0
2017 ..: 102.0 102.1 101.7 101.6 101.2 100.6 99.6 99.2 98.6 98.5 99.0 99.7 100.3
2018 ..: 100.1 100.0 99.9 99.5 99.8 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.7 99.6 99.8 99.9 99.8
2019 ..: 100.5 100.6 100.9 100.9 100.9 100.8 100.6 100.3 99.8 99.8 99.8 100.1 100.4
2020 ..: 100.8 101.4 100.9 100.6 100.7 100.9 101.5 101.3 101.3 101.5 101.5 102.2 101.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Trucks
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 106.6 107.1 107.3 107.2 107.0 106.8 106.7 106.3 106.3 106.6 106.6 106.8 106.8
2017 ..: 107.9 107.8 107.6 107.7 107.6 107.0 106.4 106.2 105.8 105.8 105.9 106.7 106.9
2018 ..: 107.0 106.8 106.8 106.3 106.5 106.6 106.5 106.2 105.8 105.7 105.8 106.0 106.3
2019 ..: 106.8 107.0 107.5 107.5 107.3 107.0 106.7 106.3 105.9 105.8 105.9 106.4 106.7
2020 ..: 107.0 107.3 106.9 106.9 107.1 106.8 107.3 107.0 106.9 107.6 107.7 108.4 107.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States:
2016-2020 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Tractors
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 110.5 110.6 110.6 110.7 110.8 110.9 111.0 111.1 111.2 111.5 112.1 112.5 111.1
2017 ..: 112.6 112.7 112.8 112.8 112.6 112.8 112.7 112.5 112.2 112.0 112.9 112.7 112.6
2018 ..: 112.5 112.3 112.1 111.6 111.1 110.7 110.2 109.6 109.1 108.5 111.5 111.0 110.9
2019 ..: 110.4 109.9 109.3 109.3 109.8 110.0 110.2 110.4 110.7 110.9 111.1 111.4 110.3
2020 ..: 111.6 111.8 112.0 112.0 112.0 112.8 111.9 111.9 111.7 112.8 112.0 112.4 112.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Self-propelled
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 117.8 118.3 118.0 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.4 118.6 118.7 120.0 120.2 120.2 118.7
2017 ..: 120.5 120.6 120.8 120.6 120.4 120.3 120.3 120.3 121.0 121.0 120.9 120.8 120.6
2018 ..: 120.8 120.7 120.6 121.0 121.4 121.8 123.7 124.0 125.4 128.1 129.5 129.9 123.9
2019 ..: 130.3 130.7 131.0 131.0 128.8 127.9 127.0 126.3 125.3 124.3 123.7 128.2 127.9
2020 ..: 129.5 127.5 126.4 126.3 126.3 126.2 126.2 126.3 126.4 127.5 127.5 127.5 127.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Other machinery
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 113.0 112.9 112.7 113.0 113.3 114.1 114.6 114.9 115.3 115.7 116.0 116.3 114.3
2017 ..: 116.9 117.3 117.6 117.5 117.5 117.6 117.6 117.4 117.5 117.5 117.6 117.8 117.5
2018 ..: 118.8 117.9 118.3 118.8 119.9 120.4 121.3 121.8 122.5 123.3 123.8 125.5 121.0
2019 ..: 126.5 127.7 127.8 127.8 127.0 129.5 129.1 128.8 128.6 128.4 127.4 127.2 128.0
2020 ..: 126.7 126.3 126.5 126.7 126.7 127.5 128.1 129.0 127.5 128.9 127.1 128.1 127.4
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Custom rates
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6
2017 ..: 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3
2018 ..: 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3
2019 ..: 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4
2020 ..: 119.6 119.6 119.6 119.6 119.6 119.6 119.6 119.6 119.6 119.6 119.6 119.6 119.6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Other services
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Average 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.9 115.6 116.6 116.8 116.7 116.6 116.0 115.6 116.1 116.1
2017 ..: 111.3 111.4 111.2 111.5 111.9 112.8 113.1 113.1 113.2 112.3 112.2 112.4 112.2
2018 ..: 113.5 113.7 113.9 113.8 114.4 115.1 115.3 115.4 115.5 115.3 115.0 115.1 114.7
2019 ..: 116.3 116.4 116.1 116.1 116.4 117.3 117.3 117.1 116.7 116.4 116.2 116.0 116.5
2020 ..: 116.1 115.9 115.9 115.6 115.1 116.0 116.4 116.3 116.0 116.0 116.7 116.9 116.1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Cash rent
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4
2017 ..: 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4
2018 ..: 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1
2019 ..: 123.3 123.3 123.3 123.3 123.3 123.3 123.3 123.3 123.3 123.3 123.3 123.3 123.3
2020 ..: 124.7 124.7 124.7 124.7 124.7 124.7 124.7 124.7 124.7 124.7 124.7 124.7 124.7
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Share rent
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1
2017 ..: 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1
2018 ..: 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8
2019 ..: 108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6 108.6
2020 ..: 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.7
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures.
Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average -
United States: 2016-2020
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates
: (PPITW)
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 2905 2894 2898 2887 2891 2900 2872 2854 2818 2800 2809 2830 2863
2017 ..: 2867 2879 2884 2888 2889 2885 2880 2860 2871 2889 2896 2904 2883
2018 ..: 2927 2946 2947 2938 2950 2945 2949 2953 2953 2969 2971 2977 2952
2019 ..: 2990 2994 2997 3011 3001 2988 2994 2974 2965 2987 2993 3000 2991
2020 ..: 3014 3006 2980 2946 2949 2956 2968 2975 2985 3006 3027 3050 2988
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Items used for production, interest, taxes, and wage rates
: (PITW)
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 3035 3022 3024 3010 3013 3022 2989 2967 2922 2900 2912 2937 2979
2017 ..: 2979 2992 2997 3001 3002 2996 2990 2965 2975 2997 3007 3016 2993
2018 ..: 3040 3061 3061 3048 3061 3054 3058 3064 3063 3081 3085 3094 3064
2019 ..: 3109 3112 3112 3127 3113 3098 3105 3079 3069 3094 3102 3110 3102
2020 ..: 3125 3115 3084 3047 3050 3055 3067 3074 3085 3110 3137 3164 3093
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Items used for production
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 2229 2217 2219 2208 2211 2218 2186 2167 2129 2107 2117 2138 2179
2017 ..: 2162 2174 2178 2185 2185 2180 2175 2154 2162 2178 2186 2194 2176
2018 ..: 2194 2213 2212 2208 2219 2213 2207 2211 2210 2223 2226 2234 2214
2019 ..: 2236 2238 2239 2256 2244 2231 2233 2211 2202 2222 2229 2236 2232
2020 ..: 2239 2230 2204 2175 2178 2183 2193 2199 2209 2231 2254 2277 2214
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Feed
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 1112 1107 1107 1106 1154 1204 1173 1131 1095 1074 1066 1080 1118
2017 ..: 1061 1072 1071 1064 1057 1041 1046 1031 1021 1027 1017 1030 1045
2018 ..: 1038 1079 1093 1115 1140 1125 1112 1117 1089 1090 1092 1112 1100
2019 ..: 1121 1125 1132 1136 1139 1151 1144 1136 1129 1133 1132 1138 1135
2020 ..: 1143 1140 1135 1135 1124 1115 1118 1110 1122 1156 1192 1224 1143
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Livestock & poultry
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 2364 2358 2385 2280 2160 2067 1968 1995 1844 1732 1836 1925 2076
2017 ..: 2014 1998 2040 2080 2135 2138 2126 2032 2092 2205 2247 2249 2113
2018 ..: 2229 2248 2177 2066 2036 2003 1987 1986 2049 2119 2075 2091 2089
2019 ..: 2102 2081 2098 2212 2081 1929 1944 1889 1886 1973 2017 2035 2021
2020 ..: 2118 2069 1946 1755 1784 1789 1838 1894 1929 1964 2018 2037 1928
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Seeds
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 4096 4096 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3990
2017 ..: 3969 3969 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3940
2018 ..: 3934 3934 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3893
2019 ..: 3885 3885 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3814
2020 ..: 3800 3800 3711 3711 3711 3711 3711 3711 3711 3711 3711 3711 3725
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Fertilizer
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 964 917 909 919 912 901 847 814 800 795 801 791 864
2017 ..: 797 823 836 849 838 822 796 766 751 752 764 775 797
2018 ..: 775 796 797 796 800 794 790 790 801 820 834 836 803
2019 ..: 841 850 844 838 854 854 842 836 841 846 840 848 845
2020 ..: 828 845 864 878 887 874 865 861 866 889 905 914 873
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Chemicals
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 975 976 977 977 978 979 989 972 953 954 942 935 967
2017 ..: 922 976 977 966 928 939 913 905 912 905 923 945 934
2018 ..: 927 926 960 931 915 910 879 885 848 836 918 915 904
2019 ..: 929 924 918 916 921 938 953 887 825 878 889 893 906
2020 ..: 883 884 879 880 892 897 897 897 897 897 897 895 891
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average -
United States: 2016-2020 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Fuels
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 1388 1328 1445 1490 1611 1655 1605 1550 1596 1665 1622 1711 1556
2017 ..: 1810 1799 1704 1731 1697 1629 1630 1717 1872 1858 1909 1865 1768
2018 ..: 1869 1831 1775 1874 2001 2017 2055 2088 2169 2191 2055 1932 1988
2019 ..: 1873 1913 1996 2045 2119 2020 2066 2001 2069 2140 2239 2226 2059
2020 ..: 2187 2107 1903 1775 1840 1974 1997 2013 1994 2015 2046 2240 2008
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Supplies & repairs
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 1246 1244 1245 1245 1244 1244 1249 1256 1255 1259 1260 1260 1251
2017 ..: 1258 1258 1259 1269 1271 1272 1277 1277 1278 1281 1281 1283 1272
2018 ..: 1287 1287 1290 1302 1308 1312 1321 1332 1336 1341 1340 1341 1316
2019 ..: 1347 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1358 1356 1356 1358 1358 1358 1353
2020 ..: 1362 1366 1365 1374 1374 1373 1378 1377 1378 1381 1380 1382 1374
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Autos & trucks
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 3255 3272 3277 3272 3267 3259 3255 3245 3243 3253 3253 3260 3259
2017 ..: 3292 3292 3284 3286 3281 3264 3244 3237 3224 3222 3229 3252 3259
2018 ..: 3261 3255 3255 3241 3246 3250 3247 3239 3227 3223 3229 3235 3242
2019 ..: 3256 3263 3276 3278 3273 3263 3256 3242 3231 3228 3230 3244 3253
2020 ..: 3264 3275 3261 3261 3265 3260 3274 3265 3265 3283 3286 3308 3272
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Machinery
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 6990 7001 6988 7001 7011 7030 7047 7062 7074 7119 7138 7152 7051
2017 ..: 7174 7187 7199 7192 7186 7188 7187 7180 7195 7193 7203 7203 7190
2018 ..: 7225 7197 7203 7217 7245 7261 7320 7334 7376 7453 7539 7581 7329
2019 ..: 7607 7636 7640 7647 7574 7612 7583 7562 7537 7513 7477 7586 7581
2020 ..: 7606 7553 7535 7536 7535 7564 7565 7587 7551 7627 7575 7603 7570
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Building materials
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 2487 2487 2490 2496 2500 2505 2511 2518 2514 2511 2511 2515 2504
2017 ..: 2531 2542 2549 2562 2565 2567 2566 2576 2580 2591 2596 2599 2569
2018 ..: 2620 2637 2671 2683 2712 2722 2726 2724 2729 2729 2723 2730 2700
2019 ..: 2741 2749 2746 2754 2752 2746 2758 2747 2745 2742 2742 2742 2747
2020 ..: 2756 2764 2780 2765 2764 2775 2791 2829 2870 2873 2861 2885 2809
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Services & rent
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 2518 2519 2519 2522 2519 2530 2532 2531 2530 2523 2519 2524 2524
2017 ..: 2475 2477 2474 2478 2482 2492 2496 2496 2497 2487 2486 2488 2486
2018 ..: 2461 2462 2465 2464 2471 2478 2481 2482 2483 2481 2477 2479 2474
2019 ..: 2474 2475 2472 2472 2475 2486 2486 2483 2478 2476 2473 2470 2477
2020 ..: 2484 2482 2481 2478 2471 2483 2487 2486 2483 2482 2491 2494 2483
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average -
United States: 2016-2020 (continued)
[Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Interest
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789
2017 ..: 3968 3968 3968 3968 3968 3968 3968 3968 3968 3968 3968 3968 3968
2018 ..: 4190 4190 4190 4190 4190 4190 4190 4190 4190 4190 4190 4190 4190
2019 ..: 4205 4205 4205 4205 4205 4205 4205 4205 4205 4205 4205 4205 4205
2020 ..: 4307 4307 4307 4307 4307 4307 4307 4307 4307 4307 4307 4307 4307
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Taxes
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 6568 6568 6568 6568 6568 6568 6568 6568 6568 6568 6568 6568 6568
2017 ..: 6856 6856 6856 6856 6856 6856 6856 6856 6856 6856 6856 6856 6856
2018 ..: 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952
2019 ..: 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000 7000
2020 ..: 7095 7095 7095 7095 7095 7095 7095 7095 7095 7095 7095 7095 7096
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Wage rates
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 8210 8210 8210 8159 8159 8159 8332 8332 8332 8479 8479 8479 8295
2017 ..: 8594 8594 8594 8466 8466 8466 8466 8466 8466 8588 8588 8588 8529
2018 ..: 9010 9010 9010 8780 8780 8780 9138 9138 9138 9260 9260 9260 9047
2019 ..: 9574 9574 9574 9414 9414 9414 9542 9542 9542 9612 9612 9612 9535
2020 ..: 9778 9778 9778 9644 9644 9644 9644 9644 9644 9644 9644 9644 9678
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Family living
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 2251 2252 2262 2273 2282 2290 2286 2288 2293 2296 2293 2293 2280
2017 ..: 2307 2314 2316 2323 2325 2327 2325 2332 2345 2343 2343 2342 2328
2018 ..: 2355 2365 2371 2380 2390 2394 2394 2395 2398 2402 2394 2387 2385
2019 ..: 2391 2401 2415 2428 2433 2433 2437 2437 2439 2445 2443 2441 2429
2020 ..: 2451 2457 2452 2436 2436 2449 2461 2469 2472 2474 2472 2474 2459
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates
: Adjusted for productivity
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 1402 1401 1402 1399 1400 1403 1408 1406 1401 1407 1408 1411 1404
2017 ..: 1501 1503 1504 1498 1498 1498 1497 1495 1497 1508 1509 1510 1501
2018 ..: 1621 1625 1626 1610 1613 1612 1637 1638 1638 1649 1649 1649 1631
2019 ..: 1682 1684 1686 1679 1678 1676 1686 1683 1682 1690 1691 1692 1684
2020 ..: 1720 1719 1715 1699 1699 1701 1705 1707 1709 1712 1715 1719 1710
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Parity ratio 2/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 32 33 33 33 34 33 33 32 32 30 31 32 32
2017 ..: 31 33 34 34 36 35 34 34 33 31 33 33 33
2018 ..: 30 32 33 33 33 33 32 31 31 30 31 31 32
2019 ..: 30 31 32 32 32 32 31 32 31 30 31 31 31
2020 ..: 30 31 32 29 30 31 30 30 31 31 32 31 31
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Adjusted parity ratio (PPITW) 3/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/
:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016 ..: 33 34 34 34 35 34 34 33 33 31 32 33 34
2017 ..: 32 34 35 35 37 36 35 35 34 32 34 34 34
2018 ..: 31 33 34 34 34 34 33 32 32 31 32 32 33
2019 ..: 32 33 34 34 34 34 33 34 33 32 33 33 33
2020 ..: 31 32 33 30 31 32 31 31 32 32 33 32 32
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures.
2/ Ratio of index of prices received to index of prices paid for commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage
rates.
3/ Ratio of the index of prices received after adjustment for government payments to the index of prices paid for
commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates.
Feed Ratios Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2016-2020
[Annual average is a simple average of monthly ratios, January through December]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Broiler 1/
:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016: 5.1 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.1 4.7 4.3 4.2 3.7 4.4 4.7 4.7
2017: 4.7 4.6 5.3 5.7 6.6 6.7 6.1 5.5 5.1 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.4
2018: 5.3 5.1 5.7 6.1 6.7 7.0 6.7 5.2 4.8 4.8 5.2 5.3 5.7
2019: 5.8 5.1 5.3 5.8 6.1 5.4 4.8 4.3 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.5 4.9
2020: 4.9 4.2 4.4 2.4 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.3 2.9 3.0 3.5 3.8 3.7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Market Egg 2/
:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016: 11.4 10.2 8.8 4.6 2.7 2.5 4.0 4.4 3.8 2.6 3.7 12.1 5.9
2017: 6.7 4.3 6.4 4.4 4.2 4.5 6.8 6.1 10.9 8.3 15.3 14.4 7.7
2018: 11.6 12.8 22.1 11.2 6.8 9.3 10.5 11.0 8.6 8.5 11.7 11.7 11.3
2019: 9.5 8.3 7.6 4.6 2.3 5.1 2.5 7.6 5.0 4.7 13.0 8.3 6.5
2020: 5.6 7.4 18.7 10.1 6.3 5.5 6.1 6.3 6.6 8.5 7.7 4.7 8.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Turkey 3/
:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016: 8.7 9.0 9.0 9.2 8.8 8.9 9.3 9.5 10.3 9.9 9.3 8.4 9.2
2017: 7.6 7.3 7.5 7.5 7.7 7.4 7.3 7.2 6.9 7.1 6.5 6.0 7.2
2018: 5.7 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.3 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.7 6.0 5.5 5.5
2019: 5.6 5.8 5.9 6.3 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.6 7.0 7.0 7.5 6.9 6.4
2020: 6.7 7.0 7.4 7.9 8.3 8.5 8.7 8.7 8.6 8.2 7.3 6.9 8.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Milk 4/
:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016: 2.18 2.18 2.12 1.99 1.90 1.92 2.16 2.44 2.49 2.38 2.59 2.73 2.26
2017: 2.71 2.61 2.40 2.22 2.20 2.31 2.27 2.50 2.46 2.48 2.54 2.38 2.42
2018: 2.20 2.03 1.98 1.90 1.90 1.97 1.93 2.06 2.13 2.22 2.21 2.07 2.05
2019: 2.06 2.07 2.14 2.11 2.12 2.09 2.16 2.26 2.34 2.42 2.65 2.57 2.25
2020: 2.42 2.35 2.25 1.85 1.77 2.36 2.69 2.50 2.28 2.50 2.58 2.18 2.30
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Hog-Corn 5/
:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016: 11.9 13.9 14.0 14.3 15.5 15.9 16.5 16.4 14.8 12.7 12.0 13.0 14.2
2017: 14.1 15.8 15.2 14.1 15.5 18.1 19.3 18.8 15.0 14.5 15.9 15.0 15.9
2018: 16.0 16.2 14.2 12.7 14.0 16.5 16.9 13.2 12.7 14.7 13.5 12.3 14.4
2019: 12.5 12.1 12.9 16.8 17.2 14.9 13.6 14.9 12.6 12.8 13.0 12.7 13.8
2020: 12.6 12.0 13.0 12.9 15.9 13.1 12.4 13.8 14.6 15.6 13.7 12.4 13.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
: Steer & Heifer-Corn 6/
:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2016: 36.1 37.4 38.5 37.4 35.1 33.2 33.3 36.8 33.9 31.0 32.7 34.0 34.9
2017: 35.0 35.2 36.4 37.9 40.0 38.8 34.7 35.2 32.7 34.0 38.4 37.2 36.3
2018: 37.4 37.6 36.2 34.1 33.2 31.6 32.3 33.3 32.4 32.7 33.7 33.6 34.0
2019: 34.8 35.0 35.7 36.3 33.6 28.9 27.2 28.5 27.4 28.3 31.3 32.3 31.6
2020: 33.0 32.3 31.0 33.7 34.7 34.8 30.5 33.3 30.9 29.9 28.8 28.0 32.4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and
soybeans. The modeled feed ration uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans.
2/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and
soybeans. The modeled feed ration uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans.
3/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn,
soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed ration uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat.
4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans,
and alfalfa. The modeled feed ration uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa.
5/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of all hogs, live weight.
6/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of steers & heifers, live weight.
Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates
Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs
purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities.
Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should
equal total producer expenditures for the item.
Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that
sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms
are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average
response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the
price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was
the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to
represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period
for most items is the five business days centered at the 15th of the month.
Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels,
feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed.
Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is
summarized as a non-probability survey. Average prices reported are
aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from
expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are
prepared by the Regional Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the
Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price
level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United
States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a
specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building
materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are
updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor
Statistics (BLS) indexes.
Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of
Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional
data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are
likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of
BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change.
Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not
designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures
approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around
10 percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the
inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting
questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc.
Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-
sampling errors.
Program change: Effective January 2014, the National Agricultural Statistics
Service modified the five-year moving weights and updated the base reference
period. In January 2015, publication of preliminary prices was suspended, and
the annual average index was replaced by an annual index.
As of January 2014, the 1990-1992 base reference period was updated to 2011.
Five-year moving average weights are adjusted (normalized) to minimize the
effects of price changes. The 1910-1914=100 price indexes, required by
statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes
in the new 2011=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying
the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving
average weights.
Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and
replaced the annual average index with an annual index.
The April 2015 program update discontinued publication of the annual March
survey prices paid data.
The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period
indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes
remain rounded to the nearest whole number.
See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details.
Information Contacts
General
Tony Dorn, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch...................................... (202) 690-3223
Crop Prices Received
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ........................................................................ (202) 720-2127
Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section................................................................ (202) 720-2127
Greg Lemmons - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet............................................................ (202) 720-9526
James Johanson - Barley, Hay........................................................................... (202) 690-8533
Joshua Bates - Oats, Soybeans.......................................................................... (202) 690-3234
John Stephens - Peanuts, Rice.......................................................................... (202) 720-7688
Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat............................................................................... (202) 720-8068
Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum........................................................ (202) 720-5944
Travis Thorson - Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower.................................. (202) 720-7369
Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section....................................... (202) 720-2127
Heidi Lanouette - Blueberries, Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins,
Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes........................... (202) 720-4285
Robert Little - Apricots, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup,
Nectarines, Pears, Snap Beans, Spinach, Tomatoes................................................... (202) 720-3250
Anastasiya Osborne - Almonds, Apples, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions
Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco................................................................. (202) 720-4288
Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Cauliflower, Celery, Garlic, Grapefruit, Hazelnuts,
Kiwifruit, Lemons, Mandarins and Tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges...................... (202) 720-5412
Fleming Gibson - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas,
Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans........................................... (202) 720-2127
Fleming Gibson - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils,
Papayas, Peaches, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons.............................. (202) 720-2127
Livestock Prices Received
Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch.................................................................. (202) 692-0069
Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section.................................................................... (202) 690-2424
Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats........................................................................ (202) 720-0585
Ryan Cowen - Cattle and Cattle on Feed................................................................. (202) 720-3040
Mike Miller - Milk, Milk Cows.......................................................................... (202) 720-3278
Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs........................................................................... (202) 720-3106
Vacant, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section
Fatema Haque - Turkeys................................................................................. (202) 720-3244
Autumn Stone - Eggs.................................................................................... (202) 690-3676
Adam Peters - Honey.................................................................................... (202) 690-3237
Takiyah Walker - Broilers.............................................................................. (202) 720-6147
Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices
Tony Dorn, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch...................................... (202) 690-3223
Bruce Boess, Head, Economics Section..................................................................... (202) 720-4447
Eric Barnes - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices................................................ (202) 690-3225
Kuan Chen - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed,
Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock,
Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios.................................................................... (202) 690-3347
Max Reason - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes............................ (202) 720-8844
Access to NASS Reports
For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following
ways:
All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web
site: www.nass.usda.gov
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Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and
other agency's archived reports. The new website,
https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing
reports will be sent from the new website,
https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via
e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account
and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an
account or subscribe, they are located at:
https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist
notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to
avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders.
For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural
Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail:
nass@usda.gov.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against
its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race,
color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion,
reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial
or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic
information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded
by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs
and/or employment activities.)
If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination,
complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online
at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer,
or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may
also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form.
Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue,
S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at
program.intake@usda.gov.
Price Program Links
Economics and Prices
http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php
January 2014 Price Program Update
http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updates.pdf
January 2015 Price Program Update
http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/update2015.pdf
April 2015 Price Program Update
http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateApr2015.p
df
February 2016 Price Program Update
http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateFeb2016.p
dfAgricultural Prices